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Heroes in Combat Minority Groups

http://www.cbsnews.com/video/watch/?id=2179393n View Tuskegee Airmen Story at link above. Heroes in Combat Minority Groups. http://www.nps.gov/history/museum/exhibits/tuskegee/airrole.htm. Tuskegee Airmen 92 nd Infantry Division 141 st Regiment of the 36 th Division 100 th Battalion

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Heroes in Combat Minority Groups

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  1. http://www.cbsnews.com/video/watch/?id=2179393n View Tuskegee Airmen Story at link above Heroes in CombatMinority Groups http://www.nps.gov/history/museum/exhibits/tuskegee/airrole.htm • Tuskegee Airmen • 92nd Infantry Division • 141st Regiment of the 36th Division • 100th Battalion • 442nd Regimental Combat Team • Navajo Code Talkers http://www.tuskegee.edu/Global/story.asp?S=1127695 http://www.nps.gov/history/museum/exhibits/tuskegee/airoverview.htm http://bingaman.senate.gov/features/codetalkers/ http://www.goforbroke.org/history/history_historical_veterans_442nd.asp

  2. Tehran Conference • Meeting between Churchill, FDR, and Stalin • Discussed the invasion of Western Europe for the Spring of 1944 to be timed with the Soviet offensive

  3. Invasion of Normandy http://www.archives.gov/research/ww2/photos/images/ww2-99.jpg • Equipment and American troops flood southern England in preparation of the Invasion of Normandy • Operation Overlord – Code Name www.history.com http://www.archives.gov/research/ww2/photos/images/ww2-100.jpg

  4. D-Day • 5 Beach heads were designated for invasion • Sword - British • Gold - British • Juno - Canada • Omaha – U.S. • Utah – U.S. http://www.military.com/ContentFiles/dday_maps_3c.htm http://www.wtj.com/articles/normandy/ http://www.wtj.com/articles/normandy/index_map_sealand.htm

  5. D-Day • Eisenhower the Supreme Commander • June 5,1944 day set to launch invasion • Bad weather prevents launch • Last possible day to go and coincide with the tides is June 6, weather still not great but the launch is ordered. • Germans know an invasion is imminent but do not know where. They are surprised. • Germans believed invasion would happen in Calais, across the Strait of Dover.

  6. D-Day • The largest land-sea-air operation in army history • Mulberry Harbor – enormous concrete ports towed across channel (see map 575) • 1,200 fighting ships • 4,126 landing craft • 804 transport ships • 10,000 planes • 132,500 soldiers • 23,000 airborne troops • 10,000 American Paratroopers dropped into France http://history1900s.about.com/library/photos/blydday12.htm

  7. Patton’s Third Army http://www.generalpatton.com/gallery.html • Patton a tank commander in Africa, Italy, and France • Old Blood and Guts • Always in trouble with his superiors • Loses command until the invasion of France where his Third Army steams over the German defenses at an unheard of pace • German commanders admired and feared him http://www.generalpatton.com/gallery.html http://www.archives.gov/research/ww2/photos/images/ww2-101.jpg

  8. Liberation of Paris • Liberation of Paris by August 1944 • Paris was to be burned by Hitler’s orders but they order was not carried out • Allies rush to liberate France, Belgium, and Luxembourg by September 1944 http://www.archives.gov/research/ww2/photos/images/ww2-104.jpg

  9. View slide show @ http://home.att.net/~j.lepse/wsb/html/view.cgi-photos.html-.html Battle of the Bulge • Ardennes Offensive launched Dec. 1944 • Germans launch the last major German offensive of the war • Hitler’s last ditch attempt to win the war • Germans mass large force and throw everything they have at the Allied lines in the Ardennes • American troops, inexperienced and overstrained, hold the line although a dangerous bulge occurs • The line holds, but the Allies suffer heavy losses, 19,000 Americans killed http://www.history.army.mil/reference/bulge/images.htm

  10. Battle of the Bulge • Hitler’s Last Ditch Attempt • Nazi’s best commanders • Coincides with the weather • Selected the weak spot in the line • Created confusion with English speaking Nazi soldiers in U.S. uniforms • Real Significance • Caused war to be 6 months shorter • Germans used most of reserves (lost 100,000 troops killed, wounded, captured, plus 600 tanks and guns, and 1600 planes) • Soviet Union attacks at same time in the Eastern Front and they move into Germany sooner than expected. Nazis had pulled troops from Eastern Front to man the attack. Soviets will occupy most of Eastern Europe.

  11. Unconditional Surrender • April 25, 1945 – Soviet troops move into Berlin • Hitler marries his girlfriend, Eva Braun • Hitler and Eva commit suicide and Hitler orders their remains burned • V-E Day – Victory in Europe Day • May 8th, 1945 • Eisenhower accepts Germany’s Unconditional Surrender

  12. Nuremberg Trials • 24 Nazi leaders were put on trial for numerous crimes • Crimes against humanity • Crimes against peace • War Crimes • 12 of the 24 were sentenced to death • Others sent to prison • Established the idea that individuals are responsible for their own actions, even in times of war

  13. Roosevelt Dies • April 12, 1945 FDR dies of a stroke at his home in Warm Springs, Georgia • Harry S. Truman, FDR’s Vice – President becomes the nation’s 33rd president http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry_Truman Funeral Procession for Roosevelt http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/vofdrdeath.htm

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