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The 1950s

The 1950s. The birth of rock and roll. News. 1950 First Modern Credit Card Introduced First Organ Transplant Korean War Begins Senator Joseph McCarthy Begins Communist Witch Hunt U.S. President Truman Orders Construction of Hydrogen Bomb 1951

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The 1950s

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  1. The 1950s The birth of rock and roll

  2. News 1950 • First Modern Credit Card Introduced • First Organ Transplant • Korean War Begins • Senator Joseph McCarthy Begins Communist Witch Hunt • U.S. President Truman Orders Construction of Hydrogen Bomb 1951 • South Africans Forced to Carry ID Cards Identifying Race 1952 • Car Seat Belts Introduced • Princess Elizabeth Becomes Queen at Age 25 1953 • DNA Discovered • Julius and Ethel Rosenberg Executed for Espionage 1954 • First Atomic Submarine Launched • Report Says Cigarettes Cause Cancer • Roger Bannister Breaks the Four-Minute Mile • Segregation Ruled Illegal in U.S. • 1955 • Disneyland Opens • McDonald's Corporation Founded • Rosa Parks Refuses to Give Up Her Seat on a Bus • 1956 • Elvis Gyrates on Ed Sullivan's Show • T.V. Remote Control Invented • Velcro Introduced • 1957 • Dr. Seuss Publishes The Cat in the Hat • Soviet Satellite Sputnik Launches Space Age • 1958 • Hula Hoops Become Popular • Lego Toy Bricks First Introduced • NASA Founded • 1959 • Castro Becomes Dictator of Cuba • Alaska and Hawaii become final two states

  3. People • Spies, dictators, Presidents, movie stars, athletes, music superstars • Soon to be President John F. Kennedy; Marilyn Monroe, Martin Luther King Jr., Fidel Castro • James Dean, Marlon Brandon, Elizabeth Taylor, Doris Day • Joe DiMaggio, Jackie Robinson, Sugar Ray Leonard, Wilt Chamberlain, Maurice Richard • Lucille Ball, Milton Berle, The Marx Brothers • Elvis Presley, Buddy Holly, Jerry Lee Lewis

  4. Music • Early fifties music was ‘feel good’ sung by such artists as Pat Boone, Frank Sinatra, Rosemary Clooney etc. • Mid fifties, the rock and roll era began • First rock and roll song considered to be “Rock Around the Clock” by Bill Haley and the Comets • Rock and roll music was based on r and b music • Country music was popular in the South • American Bandstand played music on television and featured dancers and countdowns of the weeks biggest hits on the jukeboxes and radio • And then there was Elvis • Most successful artist ever: 17 #1 songs; over 140 top 40 singles • Also a movie star

  5. Music Top songs of the 1950s: • Don’t Be Cruel/Hound Dog – Elvis • Cherry Pink and Apple Blossom White – Perez Prado • Sincerely – The McGuire Sisters • Singing the Blues – Guy Mitchell • Mack the Knife – Bobby Darin • All Shook Up – Elvis • Rock Around the Clock – Bill Haley and the Comets • The Wayward Wind – Gogi Grant • Sixteen Tons – Tennessee Ernie Ford • Heartbreak Hotel - Elvis • Records from popular movies and musicals dominated the sales charts

  6. Television • Television was very limited in the 1950s • Very few homes had televisions • Black and white with very few channels • Programming was not available 24 hours a day • Genres included: game shows, variety, sitcom, soap operas, westerns • Remote controls were invented in the 1950s • Colour television was introduced near the end of the decade

  7. Television • I Love Lucy was the most popular sitcom • First inter-racial couple on TV • The $64,000 Question was a popular game show that turned out to be rigged • Other famous shows: Leave it to Beaver, Father Knows Best, Gunsmoke, Ed Sullivan, Lassie • When Elvis appeared on the Ed Sullivan Show, he had to be shown from the waist up

  8. Movies • Movies were popular escapes from suburbia and the Cold War • Drive in theatres, 3-D movies very popular • Popular genres: science fiction, horror, musicals, dramas, westerns, comedies

  9. Movies Top Ten Movies of the 1950s • Lady and the Tramp (1955) • Peter Pan (1953) • Cinderella (1950) • The Ten Commandments (1956) • Ben-Hur (1959) • Sleeping Beauty (1959) • Around the World in 80 Days (1956) • This is Cinerama (1952) • South Pacific (1958) • The Robe (1953)

  10. Fads and Trends HULA HOOP • Richard Knerr and Arthur "Spud" Melin, founders of the Wham-O Company, are the architects of the biggest fad of all time - the hula-hoop! • In 1957, an Australian visiting California told them, quite casually, that in his home country, children twirled bamboo hoops around their waists in gym class. • They understood how popular such an item could be and proceeded to manufacture one made of plastic, Marlex specifically, a lightweight but durable plastic then recently invented by Phillips Petroleum. • The name "hula hoop" came from the Hawaiian dance its users seemed to imitate. • Talk about sales! Wham-O sold 25 million hula-hoops in two months. Almost 100 million international orders followed. They were manufacturing 20,000 hoops a day at the peak of popularity. • Japan banned the hoops thinking they might promote improprieties.

  11. Fads and Trends The Coonskin hats • Made famous by the Davey Crocket movies and television shows Telephone booth stuffing • The idea was to cram as many people as possible into a telephone booth • You had to be able to be able to either place or receive a call • Record was 25 people in South Africa

  12. Fads and Trends 3-D Movies • the concept was re-introduced because film executives feared television would limit theatre sales • short lived fad • soon only “B” movies were3-D

  13. Fashion Overview The 1950's stereotypical style… 1.  The cashmere sweater.2.   Poodle skirt. 3.  Rolled up t-shirt sleeve 4.  Pedal pushers 5.  Black leather jacket 6.  The scarf.7.  1950's gym wear.

  14. Youth Fashion

  15. Adult Fashion

  16. Slang Here is a list of new words added to the dictionary during the 1950s • BeatnikBermuda ShortsComputerizeData processingDesegregateDoublespeakGeodesic domeHash brownsJunk mailNeutron bombPolio virusSky divingWeirdo

  17. Firsts, Inventions and Innovations • The TV Dinner • McDonalds • Disneyland • The Answering Machine • Super Glue • Mr. Potato Head • Vaccine for polio • Non-stick frying pan • Home microwave ovens • Hovercraft • Liquid paper • Laser • Barbie

  18. The Sixties

  19. News • The sixties were dominated by political news • Berlin Wall erected - 1961 • There was a nuclear crisis in 1962 with the Cuban Missile Crisis • John F. Kennedy was elected in 1960 and assassinated in 1963 • The Vietnam War began in 1965; many protests followed • Martin Luther King Jr. was assassinated in 1968 • JFK’s brother Robert was assassinated in 1968 • Man landed on the moon on July 20, 1969 • The Woodstock music festival 1969

  20. Civil rights movement • Began before the 1960s • 1962 The National Guard is called out to oversee the integration of the University of Mississippi as James Meredith becomes the first Black to enroll • 1963 – MLKJ “I Have A Dream Speech • 1965 – Malcolm X assassinated • 1967 – Race riots in LA and Detroit • 1968 – Mexico City Olympics – Black Power protest

  21. Pierre Trudeau Charles Manson People Audrey Hepburn Betty Friedan Neil Armstrong Muhammad Ali

  22. Music • The music of the sixties carried off where the fifties left off until about 1964 • Girl groups very popular early sixties • British invasion- Beatles, Rolling Stones etc • Psychedelic rock and experimental sounds • Woodstock music festival capped off the decade • Popular styles: r and b, rock and roll, folk music

  23. Beatlemania • First appeared on the Ed Sullivan Show February 9, 1964 • Held the top five chart positions April 4, 1964 • Sold over 169 million albums in the US alone • Music changed from simple rock and roll in the early days to psychedelic and acid rock in the latter years • Starred in movies • Broke up in 1970; each had successful solo careers • Only two original members still alive (Paul and Ringo)

  24. Music • The British Invasion was an influx of rock and roll performers from the United Kingdom who became popular in the United States, Australia, Canada and elsewhere. The classic British Invasion was in 1964-1966 • The Beatles, The Rolling Stones, The Animals, Dave Clark Five, Dusty Springfield, etc.

  25. Top ten songs of the 60s • Hey Jude – The Beatles • Theme from A Summer Place – Percy Faith • Tossin and Turnin – Bobby Lewis • I Want To Hold Your Hand – The Beatles • I’m a Believer – The Monkees • I Heard it Through the Grapevine – Marvin Gaye • Aquarius – The Fifth Dimension • Are You Lonesome Tonight? – Elvis Presley • In the Year 2525 – Zager and Evans • It’s Now or Never - Elvis Presley

  26. Folk Music • The 1960s was a tumultuous period for the United States, with the Cold War, Vietnam War and Civil Rights causing massive public unrest. • Music became innately tied up into causes, opposing certain ideas, influenced by the sexual revolution, feminism, Black Power and environmentalism. • Central to this trend was a folk roots revival • Singer-songwriters like Bob Dylan and Joan Baez broke new ground in lyrical approach and personal style in composition

  27. Beverly Hillbillies – one of the most successful shows of all time • Instant hit – within three weeks of first airing, #1 show • With limited shows at the time, episodes of this show were watched by upwards of 60% of the public Television • The Brady Bunch – began in 1969 • First show to show a blended family • Has been constantly on in re-runs since 1975 (365 days a year)

  28. Television • The 60s brought us such memorable series as Star Trek • Only 78 episodes – but started a huge series of other shows • In 1969, the most beloved children’s show of all time began airing – Sesame street is still on to this day

  29. Television • Other popular shows included: • Gilligan’s Island, Bewitched, I Dream of Jeannie • Mission Impossible, Peter Gunn, Mannix • The Flintstones, The Jetsons • The Monkees • Jeopardy began in 1964

  30. Movies • Characterized by musicals and feel good films; perhaps to counteract the negativity in the news and real life TOP TEN FILMS • 101 Dalmatians (1961) • The Jungle Book (1967) • The Sound of Music (1965) • Thunderball (1965) • Goldfinger (1964) • Doctor Zhivago (1965) • You Only Live Twice (1967) • The Graduate (1967) • Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid (1969) • Mary Poppins (1964)

  31. Movies • James Bond debuted in 1962 in Dr. No • Sean Connery was in 6 films; there are 21 in total • Bond films have some common conventions: the gun barrel sequence opening; an opening gambit prior to the credits; a theme song sung by a popular artist (Tina Turner, Madonna etc.); a “Bond girl”; technological advances; expensive and fast cars

  32. Fashion • The 1960s in fashion featured a number of diverse trends. • It was a decade that broke with many fashion traditions that mirrored social movements during the period. • Early in the decade, culottes were in style and the bikini finally came into fashion in 1963 after being featured in the movie Beach Party. • Mary Quant invented the mini-skirt and it became the rage in the late 1960s. • The hippie movement late in the decade also had a strong influence on clothing styles, including bell-bottom jeans, tie-dye and batik fabrics, as well as paisley prints. • The Beatles and Timothy Leary popularized the Nehru jacket, which had a short-lived popularity.

  33. Fashion • Afro became the hairstyle of choice for African-Americans. • Women's hair styles ranged from beehive hairdos in the early part of the decade to very short styles popularized by Twiggy just five years later. • Between these extremes, the chin-length contour cut was also popular. The pillbox hat was fashionable due almost entirely to the influence of Jacqueline Kennedy who was a style-setter throughout the decade.

  34. Fads and Trends • Surfing and skateboarding took off • Barbie exploded after being introduced in 1959 • GI Joe was introduced to compete for boy’s attention • Troll dolls • Lava lamps • Waterbeds • Twister • The peace symbol

  35. Slang • Bummer- a bad experience • catch some rays - sunbather • chick - a young woman • deb's delight - eligible bachelor • flake off - scram • flower child - hippie, member of the counterculture • for real - truly, indeed • hawk - war supporter • heavy - powerful • Hood - small-time, petty criminal • hot dog - show-off • shuck - a phony • sit in - to take over an area in protest • Spaced - out high on drugs • zit - pimple

  36. Inventions and Innovations 1960 – Birth control pill 1961 - valium 1962 - Wal-Mart opens its first store 1963 – touch tone telephone 1964 – computer mouse 1965 – contact lenses 1967 – first Super Bowl held 1967 – first heart transplant; hand held calculator 1968 – first bank machine 1969 – barcodes

  37. theseventies

  38. News • National Guard Opens Fire Killing Four Students At Kent State University • 11 Israelis Are Killed By Palestinian Terrorists At Munich Olympics  • OPEC Emposes Oil Embargo • Heirs Patty Hearst Is Kidnapped By Symbionese Liberation Army  • Teamster Leader Jimmy Hoffa Disappear • Viking I Lands On Mars, Sends Back Photos • First test tube baby born • Accident At 3-Mile Island Pa., nuclear Plant Threatens Area 

  39. People Elton John Richard Nixon John Travolta Pope John Paul II Farrah Fawcett Kareem Abdul-Jabbar

  40. Music • The music of the 1970s was very diverse • The Motown sound exploded in the early 1970s (Marvin Gaye, Diana Ross etc.) • “Classic rock” was very popular (Led Zeppelin, the Eagles, Pink Floyd etc.) • Disco over the latter part of the decade • New styles: punk and hip-hop emerged

  41. disco • Disco is a genre of music that originated in discothèques. Generally the term refers to a specific style of music that has influences from funk, soul music, and salsa. • Originated in the early seventies, but took off in 1975 • Gained incredible popularity with the film “Saturday Night Fever” • The Bee Gees seem to embody the disco stereotype • Influenced fashion, fads and trends • Officially ended in the early 1980s

  42. Top ten songs of the 70s • You Light Up My Life – Debbie Boone • Night Fever – The Bee Gees • Tonight’s the Night – Rod Stewart • Shadow Dancing – Andy Gibb • Le Freak - Chic • My Sharona – The Knack • The First Time Ever I Saw Your Face – Roberta Flack • Alone Again (Naturally) – Gilbert O’Sullivan • Joy to the World – Three Dog Night • Bridge Over Troubled Water – Simon and Garfunkel

  43. Television • Sitcoms and variety shows were very popular • All in the Family was the most dominant show • Others include: MASH, The Partridge Family, the Mary Tyler Moore Show • Saturday Night Live began in 1975

  44. Television • Cop/detective and drama shows were very popular • Six Million Dollar Man, Charlie’s Angels, Shaft, CHiPs, Rockford Files, Dallas, just to name a few • The news show 60 Minutes was also very popular

  45. Movies • The 1970s saw the debut of the blockbuster movie; the first being was Jaws • While the 1960s was characterized by feel good and musical films, the 1970s was characterized by crime movies, dramas and science fiction • TOP TEN FILMS of the 1970s • Star Wars (1977) •  Jaws (1975) • Grease (1978) • Close Encounters of the Third Kind (1977) • The Exorcist (1973) • Superman (1978) • Saturday Night Fever (1977) • Jaws 2 (1978) • Moonraker (1979) • The Spy Who Loved Me (1977) • Others: The Godfather (I and II), Rocky

  46. Fashion The 70sJeans get tighter, bikinis get smaller, tube socks get higher, afros get bigger and colours get brighter. It's all about spreading the plumage for everyone to see. From leisure suits to Wallabees, fashions take on the decade of excessive behavior in a storm of polyester, iron-ons and platform shoes.

  47. Fads and Trends • The Pet Rock • Smiling Happy Face • 8-track tapes • Mood rings • Sea monkeys • Punk and disco • Streaking • String Art • Roller Skating

  48. Slang and Catch Phrases • Skinney real deal or truth ex "let me give you the slinney on the deal" • ‘Can You Dig It’ Do you understand? " Can you dig it man?" • ‘May The Force Be With You’ The most popular line from one of the greatest movies of the 70s(and of all time) Star • ‘The Man’ means any authority, corporations, police, government • Get down or boogie - dance • Keep On Truckin - go with the flow • Boob Tube - television • Narc, cool, groovy, far out, real, right on etc

  49. The Awesome Eighties

  50. NEWS • John Lennon killed; attempts on Ronald Reagan, Pope John Paul II • Princess Di and Charles get married • MTV begins • Mt. St. Helen’s erupts • AIDS is identified • The Titanic wreckage found • Space Shuttle explodes after take off • Massive nuclear disaster in Russia • Live AID is done to raise money for famine in Africa • Exxon Valdez Spills Millions of Gallons of Oil on Coastline • Students Massacred in China's Tiananmen Square • Berlin Wall is dismantled

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