1 / 14

Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms

Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms. The Quantum Model of the Atom. The Quantum Model of the Atom. Louis De Broglie (1924) Suggested that electrons can have a dual wave-particle nature Confirmed by experiments which showed electrons can undergo diffraction and interference

lotta
Download Presentation

Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms The Quantum Model of the Atom

  2. The Quantum Model of the Atom Louis De Broglie (1924) • Suggested that electrons can have a dual wave-particle nature • Confirmed by experiments which showed electrons can undergo diffraction and interference The Observer in Physics Double Slit Experiment and Example in Nature - YouTube

  3. The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle Werner Heisenberg (1927) • It is impossible to determine simultaneously the position and velocity of an electron • Electrons are detected by interaction with photons (photons have similar energy to electrons and thus alter the position of electrons) Heisenberg's uncertainty – YouTube Quantum Mechanics: The Uncertainty Principle - YouTube

  4. The Schrodinger Wave Equation Erwin Schrodinger (1926) • Developed an equation which treated electrons as waves. • Solutions to the equation (wave functions) give the probability of finding an electron in a given location around the nucleus Atomic orbital– region of space in which an electron is most likely to be found

  5. Atomic Orbitals and Quantum Numbers Quantum Numbers –used to describe the properties of atomic orbitals and the properties of electrons in those orbitals • Three quantum numbers are derived from the Schrodinger equation and indicate energy level, orbital shape, and orbital orientation • One quantum number describes the spin of an electron in an atomic orbital

  6. Principal Quantum Number Principal Quantum Number (n) • Indicates main energy level occupied by an electron. • As “n” increases, energy and distance from the nucleus increases

  7. Angular Momentum Quantum Number Angular momentum quantum number (l) • Indicates the shape of the orbital • Within each energy level, there are sublevels. # sublevels = n

  8. Shapes of Orbitals s – orbital p - orbitals

  9. Shapes of Orbitals d - orbitals

  10. Shapes of Orbitals f - orbitals

  11. Magnetic Quantum Number Magnetic Quantum Number (m) • Indicates the orientation of the orbital around the nucleus

  12. Spin Quantum Number Spin Quantum Number • Indicates the spin of an electron in an orbital Value = + 1/2 or -1/2 • An orbital can hold a maximum of 2 electrons, which must have opposite spin.

  13. Atomic Orbitals

  14. Orbital Energy Diagram

More Related