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Eustressed or Distressed? Combining Physiology with Observation in User Studies

Eustressed or Distressed? Combining Physiology with Observation in User Studies. Avinash Wesley Dr. Peggy Lindner (Co-Advisor) Dr. Ioannis Pavlidis (Advisor). Stress Signs. Introduction Methods Results and Discussion Acknowledgements. Stress Mechanism Motivation Background.

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Eustressed or Distressed? Combining Physiology with Observation in User Studies

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  1. Eustressed or Distressed?Combining Physiology withObservation in User Studies • Avinash Wesley • Dr. Peggy Lindner (Co-Advisor) • Dr. IoannisPavlidis (Advisor)

  2. Stress Signs • Introduction • Methods • Results and Discussion • Acknowledgements • Stress Mechanism • Motivation • Background • Peripheral Physiological Measurement of Stress • Adrenergic response • Elevates heart rate, respiration rate, and blood pressure • Cholinergic response • Activates sweat glands on fingers and the perinasal area

  3. Physiology and Observation • Introduction • Methods • Results and Discussion • Acknowledgements • Stress Mechanism • Motivation • Background • Perspiratory response are • sympathetic in nature • Non-specific to positive or negative arousal Distress Eustress

  4. Emotions vs. Performance • Introduction • Methods • Results and Discussion • Acknowledgements • Stress Mechanism • Motivation • Background • An important goal in user studies: Study the role of emotions on human performance • Emotions can be quantified via physiological response • Physiological responses can be disambiguated via observation Performance HIGH Optimal Alertness Anxiety Disorganization Sleep LOW MEDIUM HIGH Arousal

  5. Perspiration Signal and Observation • Introduction • Methods • Results and Discussion • Acknowledgements • Stress Mechanism • Motivation • Background • Physiology • Perspiration extraction method in the Thermal Imagery [1] • Observational Annotation • Traditional done in the Visual Imagery • Manual Courtesy of Science channel [1] D. Shastri, A. Merla, P. Tsiamyrtzis, and I. Pavlidis. Imaging facial signs of neurophysiological responses. IEEETransactions on Biomedical Engineering, 56(2):477–484, 2009.

  6. Region Tracking • Introduction • Methods • Results and Discussion • Acknowledgements • Facial Expression Recognition • Field Study • Seven anatomical regions tracked over time by a dynamic template update tracker [2] [2] Y. Zhou, P. Tsiamyrtzis, and I. Pavlidis. Tissue tracking in thermo-physiological imagery through spatio-temporal smoothing. Proc. of the 12th Int. Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI 2009),5762:1092–1099, 2009.

  7. Pattern Classification • Introduction • Methods • Results and Discussion • Acknowledgements • Facial Expression Recognition • Field Study • Feature Vector • Classifier • Classify five action units (AU1+2, 4, 9, 10, and 12) • Multilayer Perceptron • 10-fold Cross Validation d(x,5): Euclidean distance between ROI-x and 5, (x 5) AU 1+2 Inner + Outer Eyebrow Raise

  8. Surgical Training • Introduction • Methods • Results and Discussion • Acknowledgements • Facial Expression Recognition • Field Study • Surgeon Pool (n=17) • Novices • Experienced • Tasks • Running string (Task-1) • Pattern cut (Task-2) • Intracorporeal suture (Task-3) • Dataset: 977 Thermal Clips

  9. Validation Results • Introduction • Methods • Results and Discussion • Acknowledgements • Quantitative Analysis • Qualitative Analysis • Conclusions • Using Thermal Imagery • 244 Facial Expressions • Ground Truth via Visual annotation • Method Accuracy 81.55% * Confusion matrix * Use of visual images instead of thermal images for display purpose only

  10. Results From The Field Study • Introduction • Methods • Results and Discussion • Acknowledgements • Quantitative Analysis • Qualitative Analysis • Conclusions • Distress is inversely related to experience • EN (Perinasal perspiratory signal on portions of negative emotions) Novice Experienced

  11. Example Visualizations • Introduction • Methods • Results and Discussion • Acknowledgements • Quantitative Analysis • Qualitative Analysis • Conclusions Eustress Distress

  12. Conclusions • Introduction • Methods • Results and Discussion • Acknowledgements • Quantitative Analysis • Qualitative Analysis • Conclusions • The proposed method is • Comprehensive (quantitative and qualitative) • Economical (single imaging modality with no labor) • Conducted a study design that is applicable to a broad class of Human Machine Interaction • Future Work • Expand the facial expression set • Apply the method to more field studies • Detection of pain onset-offset

  13. Introduction • Methods • Results and Discussion • Acknowledgements • Support provided by NSF award # IIS-0812526

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