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Civil War

Civil War. December 20, 1860. SC officially leaves the Union (U). This in response to Lincoln’s election and John Brown’s raid on Harpers Ferry. Soon 10 other states sucede. A Nation Divided. Fort Sumter.

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Civil War

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  1. Civil War

  2. December 20, 1860 • SC officially leaves the Union (U). This in response to Lincoln’s election and John Brown’s raid on Harpers Ferry. Soon 10 other states sucede.

  3. A Nation Divided

  4. Fort Sumter • Confederates attack federal military fort. This is the official start of the Civil War. The confederates (C) won this strategic fort. 4/12/1861

  5. Border States • Southern slave holding states that decided to remain loyal to the U. (DE, MD, MO, and KY.) They hinder the free of slaves during the war.

  6. Resources of North and South

  7. Main Goal of Union Army in the East • To take control of the southern capitol, Richmond, VA.

  8. Robert E. Lee • General for C. throughout the whole war after 1st Battle of Bull Run. Mil. man that was smart and daring.

  9. George B McClellan • Trained the U. Forces and later general for the U. He was overly cautious.

  10. 1st Battle of Bull Run • Winner: C • Significance: U. realized it would not be a short war. Realized they needed to train troops.

  11. Seven Days Battle • Winner: C • Significance: U. retreated from Richmond, VA. Lincoln decides to attack Richmond straight on

  12. 2nd Battle of Bull Run • Winner: C. • Significance: Union is pushed back into the North. Lee decides to follow them.

  13. Antietam • Winner: U. • Significance: Bloodiest single day in Civil War. McClellan was replaced by Ambrose Burnside. Lincoln decided to issue the Emancipation Proclamation.

  14. Anaconda Plan • The N. blockaded S. shipping. The S. economy was crippled because of it. Ships entering the S. went from 6,000 to 800.

  15. Ironclads • The S. armored their ship (Virginia) with iron in order to break the blockade. The N. quickly made an ironclad (Monitor) for themselves.

  16. Ulysses S Grant • U. gen in the W. and later over all of the U. troops. He attacked the S. very aggressively.

  17. Strategy in West • To cut C. States in half along the Mississippi River. This would keep them away from food supplies.

  18. Shiloh • Winner: U. • Significance: Bloodiest battle up to this point. U now controls the Western U.S.

  19. New Orleans • Winner: U • Significance: Advanced into S Territory. S. lost biggest trading post.

  20. Vicksburg • Victory: U. • Significance: U. takes control of Mississippi River. C. is divided in half.

  21. Emancipation Proclamation • An order issued (Sep 22, 1862) by President Lincoln freeing the slaves in areas rebelling against the U., it would take effect on January 1, 1863.

  22. Dilemma's of Emancipation Proclamation: • Lincoln free the slaves under rebel control. Rebels did not tell slaves they were free. • Border states still can have slaves.

  23. Reaction to the Emancipation Proclamation: • African Americans and abolitionist community were ecstatic. • Slaves in the S fled to the Union when the army was near. • Northern Democrats feared the slaves would take their jobs.

  24. African American Union Soldiers

  25. 54th Massachusetts Infantry • The first all African American regiment in U.S. history. Half of the regiment was killed in the battle for Ft. Wagner.

  26. Opposition to the War • Copperheads: Midwesterners that sympathized with the S. and opposed abolition. They were considered a threat to the war.

  27. Lincoln’s Reaction to Opposition • Suspend Habeas Corpus (the protection from unlawful imprisonment) to anyone that was a potential threat.

  28. How Civil War affected:

  29. Fredericksburg • Victory: C • Significance: Ambrose Burnside is replaced by Joseph Hooker.

  30. Chancellorsville • Victory: C • Significance: Lee’s right hand man, “Stonewall” Jackson is killed. Lee chases Union into the North. Hooker is replaced by Meade.

  31. Gettysburg • Victory: U • Sig: Turned the tides against the C. N does not chase C. No foreign country will help the S. This is the turning point of the war.

  32. Gettysburg Address • Praised the bravery of Union Soldiers. Reminded the nation why they were fighting this war.

  33. Wilderness Campaign • Victory: No clear winner • Significance: Grant took control, U. would chase Lee from now on.

  34. Sherman’s March to the Sea • Victory: U. • Significance: S. lost Atlanta, marched to Savannah. Destroying everything in his path. Resentment for generations.

  35. Appomattox Courthouse • Lee surrenders and essentially ended the Civil War

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