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Chapter 16 Section 2 Evolution as Genetic Change

Chapter 16 Section 2 Evolution as Genetic Change. Biology pgs. 397-402. Objectives. ____________how natural selection affects single gene and polygenic traits ____________genetic drift _________the five conditions needed to maintain genetic equilibrium. Explain. Describe. List.

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Chapter 16 Section 2 Evolution as Genetic Change

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  1. Chapter 16 Section 2Evolution as Genetic Change Biology pgs. 397-402

  2. Objectives • ____________how natural selection affects single gene and polygenic traits • ____________genetic drift • _________the five conditions needed to maintain genetic equilibrium Explain Describe List

  3. Natural Selection • Natural selection affects which individuals ____________and reproduce and which do not. survive

  4. If an individual dies without reproducing, it does not contribute its ___________to the population’s gene pool. • If an individual produces many offspring, its alleles stay in the gene pool and may ____________in frequency. alleles increase

  5. Evolution • Evolution is any change over time in the relative frequencies of alleles in a population. • ________________, not individual organisms, can evolve over time. Populations

  6. Natural selection on single-gene traits can lead to ________________in allele frequencies and thus to evolution. changes

  7. Selection • Natural selection can affect the distributions of phenotypes in any of ___________ways: • directional selection • stabilizing selection • disruptive selection three

  8. Genetic Drift • A random change in allele frequency is called_________________. genetic drift

  9. In small populations, individuals that carry a particular allele may leave more descendants than other individuals do, just by_______________. • Over time, a series of chance occurrences of this type can cause an allele to become ________________in a population. chance common

  10. Genetic Equilibrium • ____________conditions are required to maintain genetic equilibrium from generation to generation: • there must be random mating, • the population must be very large, • there can be no movement into or out of the population, • there can be no mutations, and • there can be no natural selection. Five

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