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Switching Basics and Intermediate Routing CCNA 3 Chapter 6

Switching Basics and Intermediate Routing CCNA 3 Chapter 6. Catalyst Switch Configuration Introduction. Switches are Layer 2 devices that serve as concentration points for the connection of workstations, servers, routers, hubs, and other switches

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Switching Basics and Intermediate Routing CCNA 3 Chapter 6

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  1. Switching Basics and Intermediate Routing CCNA 3Chapter 6

  2. Catalyst Switch ConfigurationIntroduction • Switches are Layer 2 devices that serve as concentration points for the connection of workstations, servers, routers, hubs, and other switches • Switches are multiport bridges that utilize a star topology • Switches provide dedicated, point-to-point virtual circuits that make collisions unlikely • New switches are configured with factory defaults but normally need changes • Switches can be configured from a command-line interface (CLI) or from a web-basedinterface

  3. Catalyst Switch ConfigurationIntroduction • Network engineers must be familiar with these switch configuration tasks: • Maintenance of the switch • Cisco IOS upgrades • Management of interfaces and switching tables • Password recovery

  4. Starting the SwitchPhysical Startup of the Catalyst Switch • Most Catalyst switches have no power switch! • Simply plug in to start • Before starting the switch, verify the following: • All network cables are secure • A terminal is connected to the console port • A console terminal application, such as HyperTerminal, is selected

  5. Starting the SwitchPhysical Startup of the Catalyst Switch • Steps in starting a switch (continued) • Attach the power cord to the switch • Observe the boot sequence • Look at the LEDs on the switch • Observe the Cisco IOS software output text on the console

  6. Starting the SwitchSwitch Port Types • Switches in the Catalyst 2950 series have these characteristics: • 12-port, 24-port, or 48-port • All ports are FastEthernet • Optional uplink slots for copper or fiber Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC) modules • Asymmetrical switching • Switches such as the Catalyst 3750 now include small-form-factor pluggable (SFP) slots, which are smaller than GBIC slots

  7. Starting the SwitchSwitch Port Types Catalyst 2950 Switches Are Used at the Access Layer

  8. Starting the SwitchSwitch Port Types Four Slots on the Right of These Catalyst 3750 Switches are SFP Slots

  9. Starting the SwitchSwitch LED Indicators • The following LEDs are seen on the front of a Catalyst 2950 switch: • System LED • Tells whether the system is receiving power and functioning properly • Redundant Power Supply (RPS) LED • Indicates whether a redundant power supply is in use • Port Mode LEDs • Port Status LEDs

  10. Starting the SwitchSwitch LED Indicators Catalyst 2950 Switches Have Four Types of LEDs

  11. Starting the SwitchSwitch LED Indicators System LED and RPS LED

  12. Starting the SwitchSwitch LED Indicators • After power cable is connected, the switch initiates a series of tests called the power-on self test (POST) • Runs automatically to verify the switch functions correctly • System LED indicates the status of the POST • System LED off but switch is plugged in, the POST is running • System LED is green: POST successful • System LED is amber: POST failed (fatal error)

  13. Starting the SwitchSwitch LED Indicators • Port Mode LEDs indicate the state of the Mode button • Press the Mode button repeatedly until the desired mode is selected • Port Status LEDs indicate various port states • Depends on the value of the Port Mode LEDs

  14. Starting the SwitchSwitch LED Indicators Catalyst 2950 Port Status LED Display Modes

  15. Starting the SwitchSwitch LED Indicators Catalyst 2950 Port Status LED Display Modes (continued)

  16. Starting the SwitchSwitch LED Indicators Catalyst 2950 Port Status LED Display Modes (continued)

  17. Starting the SwitchViewing Initial Bootup Output from the Switch • Connect a computer’s COM port to a switch’s console port using a rollover cable Console Connection to the Switch Is the Most Common Configuration Method

  18. Starting the SwitchViewing Initial Bootup Output from the Switch • Start HyperTerminal on the computer • Choose the Serial Port

  19. Starting the SwitchViewing Initial Bootup Output from the Switch • Name the connection • After selecting the COM port, click the OK button • Set up the parameters as seen in this figure

  20. Starting the SwitchViewing Initial Bootup Output from the Switch • Plug the switch into the wall outlet • Initial bootup output should be displayed on the HyperTerminal screen • Contains details about POST status and switch hardware • After POST status a prompt to enter initial configuration will appear • Can configure manually or with a System Configuration dialog

  21. Starting the SwitchViewing Initial Bootup Output from the Switch Hardware Platform and Flash Information Displayed During Bootup

  22. Starting the SwitchViewing Initial Bootup Output from the Switch Hardware Platform and Flash Information Displayed During Bootup (continued)

  23. Starting the SwitchUsing the System Configuration Dialog Using the System Configuration Dialog

  24. Starting the SwitchUsing the System Configuration Dialog Using the System Configuration Dialog (continued)

  25. Starting the SwitchUsing the System Configuration Dialog Option to Use Config Generated by Setup

  26. Starting the SwitchLogging on with the Switch CLI and Using the Help Facility • The Cisco IOS software provides a CLI called the EXEC • Interprets commands that are entered and carries out corresponding operations • Two levels of access to the EXEC: • User mode: tasks indicating switch status • Indicated by the > prompt • Privileged mode: ability to change the configuration of the switch • Indicated by the # prompt

  27. Starting the SwitchLogging on with the Switch CLI and Using the Help Facility • To change from user EXEC mode to privileged EXEC mode, use the enable command • Switch will prompt for the enable password if one is configured • Password is not shown on screen as you type • If configuring switch over a network via a modem or Telnet, password is sent in clear text

  28. Starting the SwitchLogging on with the Switch CLI and Using the Help Facility • Privileged EXEC mode includes all commands from user EXEC mode, plus all the configuration commands • The configure command allows access to other command modes • Several types of command-line help: • Context-sensitive help: a list of commands and arguments associated with a specific command • Console error messages: problems with commands that are entered incorrectly • Command history buffer: recall of long or complex commands to be altered or corrected

  29. Starting the SwitchLogging on with the Switch CLI and Using the Help Facility • The question mark (?) can be used to get help • Two types of context-sensitive help with the ? command: • Word help: Enter the ? command to get word help for a list of commands that begin with a particular character sequence; do not use a space before the question mark • Command syntax help: Enter the ? command to see how to complete a command; enter a question mark in place of a keyword or argument; use a space before the question mark

  30. Configuring the SwitchCatalyst Switch Default Configuration • Catalyst 2950 switches come with this default configuration: • IP address: 0.0.0.0 • CDP: Enabled • 100BASE-T port: Autonegotiate duplex mode • Spanning tree: Enabled • Console password: None • Hostname: Switch • No passwords set on virtual terminal (VTY) lines

  31. Configuring the SwitchCatalyst Switch Default Configuration • The show running-config command displays the active configuration on the switch • Requires privileged EXEC mode access Default Output for show running-config Command:

  32. Configuring the SwitchCatalyst Switch Default Configuration Default Output for show running-config Command (continued):

  33. Configuring the SwitchCatalyst Switch Default Configuration • The show interface f0/2 command displays information about interface FastEthernet 0/2 • Switch trunks and switch ports are both considered interfaces • Output varies, depending on the network for which you have configured an interface

  34. Configuring the SwitchCatalyst Switch Default Configuration Default f0/2 Settings

  35. Configuring the SwitchCatalyst Switch Default Configuration Default f0/2 Settings (continued)

  36. Configuring the SwitchCatalyst Switch Default Configuration Nondefault f0/1 Settings

  37. Configuring the SwitchCatalyst Switch Default Configuration Fields in the show interface f0/1 Output of Previous Slide

  38. Configuring the SwitchCatalyst Switch Default Configuration • VLAN membership is displayed using the show vlan command • In default configuration, all ports are in VLAN 1 • VLAN 1 is the default management VLAN • The flash directory has a file that contains the IOS image, a file called env_vars, and a subdirectory called html • After switch configuration, two more files are added to the flash directory: config.txt and a VLAN database

  39. Configuring the SwitchCatalyst Switch Default Configuration Default Port VLAN Membership

  40. Configuring the SwitchCatalyst Switch Default Configuration Output of show flash

  41. Configuring the SwitchCatalyst Switch Default Configuration Verify IOS version and configuration register settings with the show version command

  42. Configuring the SwitchCatalyst Switch Default Configuration Verify IOS version and configuration register settings with the show version command (continued)

  43. Configuring the SwitchCatalyst Switch Default Configuration Fields in the show version Output From Previous Slide

  44. Configuring the SwitchBasic Catalyst Switch Configuration • Returning the Switch to Its Default Configuration: • Delete the VLAN database file, vlan.dat from the flash directory • Erase the backup configuration file, startup-config • Restart the switch with the reload command

  45. Configuring the SwitchBasic Catalyst Switch Configuration • One of the first tasks in configuring a switch is to name it • Allows you to better manage the network by uniquely identifying each switch • The name of the switch is considered its hostname • The name is displayed at the system prompt • The switch name is assigned in global configuration mode

  46. Configuring the SwitchBasic Catalyst Switch Configuration Configuring the Hostname and Line Passwords

  47. Configuring the SwitchBasic Catalyst Switch Configuration • Assign an IP address to the switch • Makes it possible to connect remotely using Telnet or a web browser • VLAN 1 is assigned an IP address • Use the no shutdown command to make the Switch Virtual Interface (SVI), VLAN 1, operational • Required if using Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) to manage the switch • Assign a default gateway to the switch using the ip default-gateway command • Allows access to other networks

  48. Configuring the SwitchBasic Catalyst Switch Configuration Configuring the Switch for Management

  49. Configuring the SwitchBasic Catalyst Switch Configuration • By default, VLAN 1 is the management VLAN • Use it to manage all the network devices on a network • All ports belong to VLAN1 • Remove access ports from VLAN 1 and place them in another VLAN • Allows for VLAN management while keeping traffic from network hosts off the management VLAN • Use the no ip address configuration command to remove an IP address for VLAN 1 or to disable IP processing

  50. Configuring the SwitchBasic Catalyst Switch Configuration • FastEthernet switch ports default to auto-speed and auto-duplex • Allows the interfaces to negotiate these settings • Can be manually configured • A web browser can be used to configure the switch if the switch has an http server running on port 80

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