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Advancements and Challenges in Public Health: Achievements of the Past Century and Strategies for the Future

Discover the key milestones achieved in public health in the 20th century and the emerging challenges of the 21st century. Explore strategic planning initiatives like Healthy People 2020 and the integration of public health and medical practice. Learn about global health priorities, healthcare-associated infections, and more.

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Advancements and Challenges in Public Health: Achievements of the Past Century and Strategies for the Future

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  1. Chapter 30 • Public Health in the 21st Century: Achievements and Challenges

  2. Top 10 Public Health Achievements of the 20th Century • Routine use of _____________ • Improvements in _____________ safety • Safer _____________ • Control of _____________ diseases • _____________ in deaths from heart disease, stroke • Safer and healthier _____________ • _____________ mothers and babies • _____________ to family planning and contraceptive services • _____________ of drinking water • Recognition of _____________ as a health hazard

  3. Challenges for the 21st Century • Renewed threats from infectious diseases • Climate change • Population increases • Rising costs of medical care • Understanding and changing _____________ • Need to strengthen public health systems • Persistent disparities in health

  4. Strategic Planning for Public Health • Healthy People1979, 1990, 2000, 2010, 2020 • Science-based health objectives to achieve health goals • Uses _____________ by _____________ • Local, state, regional communities _____________ to use objectives in planning PH programs • Assessment • Progress

  5. 4 goals of Healthy People 2020 • Improve quality and length of life • _____________ health disparities • Create ___________________ that promote health • Promote quality of life across the lifespan

  6. Healthy People 2020 Categories Global Health Health Communication and Health IT Healthcare-Associated Infections Hearing and Other Communication Disorders Heart Disease and Stroke HIV Immunization & Infectious Diseases Injury and Violence Prevention • Maternal & Child Health Medical Product Safety Mental Health Nutrition Occupational Safety Older Adults Oral Health Physical Activity and Fitness Public Health Infrastructure Quality of Life Respiratory Diseases STI’s Social Determinants of Health Substance Abuse Tobacco Use Vision Access to Health Services Adolescent Health Arthritis& Osteoporosis Blood Disorders Cancer Chronic Kidney Diseases Diabetes Disability ChildhoodEducational Programs Environmental Health Family Planning Food Safety Genomics

  7. The Integration of Public Health and Medical Practice • Coordinated care – reduce costs by encouraging prevention and promotion of healthy behaviors over treatment of disease • Use of effective programs • Reduce and eliminate unnecessary procedures • Reduce repetition of services • Reduce medical errors • Evaluate progress

  8. Information Technology • Improves communication and data sharing • Enables tracking of: • Emerging infectious diseases • Investigation of outbreaks • Possible bioterrorism attacks • Monitoring of disease trends • Databases useful in assessment & evaluation • Makes health information available to individuals

  9. Why don’t all my doctor’s know my medical history? • Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) 1996 • Goal is to ___________________________________ • Why? • What does it include? • Who follows the law?

  10. Challenges of Information Technology • HIPAA • _____________ of health information • ______________________ of information on health websites • Fraud and prescription drugs

  11. Biotechnology • Use of HGP • Stem cell research, genetic engineering, cloning, personalized medicines, individual response to drugs • Ethical , legal, financial challenges

  12. Ultimate Challenges to Public Health • Educate the _____________ and _____________ • PH measures _____________ than medical care and provide more community __________________ • Expansion of medical care may not be benefitting _____________ • Community health marginally affected by high tech medical interventions

  13. Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) 3/23/2010 signed into law by _____________ Goal is to increase access to insurance Free services Young adult coverage ________________________ Cannot be denied for _________________________ Many challenges

  14. Discussion Question • What would be the impact on society of a biotechnological technique that could slow the aging process and extend an individual’s life by 10 years? Do you think Medicare should pay for such a technique? Explain your answer.

  15. Discussion Question • Visit the Healthy People 2020 Web site (www.healthypeople.gov) • Choose one of the 38 topic areas and look at the objectives that have been set for the year 2020. For each of the objectives, comment on whether you think the nation has a realistic chance of meeting it.

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