Enhancing Biomass District Heating Efficiency in Belarus

1. Optimising operations based onmonitoring activitiesbiomass energy for heating and hot water supply in Belarus23. April 2008, Minsk F. Promitzer LandesEnergieVerein Steiermark / Austriaf.promitzer@lev.at Folie 1Quality Management in local biomass district heating plants and grids

2. Content • Background and aim of the work • Exemplary results of improvements … • Control settings of the heat supply station (Peak load boiler) • Emissions reduction • Change of the control strategy for the pressure control of the district heating grid • Many other possibilities/points which have to be considered… • Conclusions Folie 2Quality Management in local biomass district heating plants and grids

3. Background and Motivation • There are many existing local district heating plants driven by biomass combustion systems in Austria • Efficient systems are necessary to have the platform for the further integration of CHP and other applications with biomass in the future – to obtain efficient energy conversion/usage systems – and therefore: • The economic operability of such systems is the first essential point • The lowest possible primary fuel and energy consumption is important • The energy losses of the distribution grid should be as low as possible • As low as possible emissions is essential • … • And also the existing plants which have been built during the last 25 years should be improved ! Folie 3Quality Management in local biomass district heating plants and grids

4. Annual heat tranfer [kWh/a] per length of pipeline [m] till 2004 Folie 4Quality Management in local biomass district heating plants and grids

5. Annual heat tranfer [kWh/a] per length of pipeline [m] since 2006 Folie 5Quality Management in local biomass district heating plants and grids

6. Bioler house equipment –minimum requirement of measurement instrumentation (since 2007) • monitoring and optimising • systematic collection operating data • uniform database leading to better benchmarks Mainly measured parameters (variabls): • Heat flow(produced and supplied) • electric power consuption(boiler, network pump, electrostatic filter, overall) • Data bus consumes (controling and datalogging) Folie 6Quality Management in local biomass district heating plants and grids

7. Monitoring and operation optimising of existing plants (old ones) A high-level equipment (data transmission by wireless network) was designed to record operation data of plants. This allows an efficient and cost-effective monitoring Folie 7Quality Management in local biomass district heating plants and grids

8. Bioler house equipment –minimum requirement of measurement instrumentation Folie 8Quality Management in local biomass district heating plants and grids

9. Examples …

10. Example: Necessary and not necessary operation of the peak load boiler Source: F.Lettner Folie 10Quality Management in local biomass district heating plants and grids

11. Example: CO-emissions of the boiler in 20-25% part load Folie 11Quality Management in local biomass district heating plants and grids

12. Half hourly average values of the biomass boilers CO-Emissions at 20-25% part load Folie 12Quality Management in local biomass district heating plants and grids

13. Hydraulic scheme of a typical biomass district heating plant Heat losses of the net Pel Folie 13Quality Management in local biomass district heating plants and grids

14. Electricity consumption of the net pump (@95°C constant) vs. net load Folie 14Quality Management in local biomass district heating plants and grids

15. Electricity consumption of the net pump (@95°C constant) vs. net load Folie 15Quality Management in local biomass district heating plants and grids

16. There are many other possibilities to be observed/improved… • Maximize the specific heat sale per meter of the district heating grid (MWhth/mGrid) • Optimize the combustion system and the emissions of the biomass boiler by improvement of the combustion systems and feeding systems parameters • Optimization of the electricity demand for the pumps by ideal dimensioning and frequency controlled performance of the pumps – the control strategy has an essential influence with regard to the operational costs (Dp-control and feeding temperature of the net) • Adaptation and improvement of the secondary systems by hydraulic adjustment to decrease the return flow temperature as much as possible Folie 16Quality Management in local biomass district heating plants and grids

17. There are many other possibilities to be observed/improved… • Check if all the hydraulic valves are in their expected position • Check the control systems of the pumps (Dp-control) • Check the possibilities to reduce the feeding temperatures of the grid in times of reduced load • Periodic Analysis of the heating carriers (water) quality Folie 17Quality Management in local biomass district heating plants and grids

18. Conclusion There is significant potential to improve the efficiency of district heating systems with essential impact on: • Environmental issues (emissions) • Biomass fuel consumption • Other energy demand (especially electricity demand) • long term availability and lifetime • and economics Folie 18Quality Management in local biomass district heating plants and grids

19. Acknowledgement The work has been done within the Austrian project “QM-Heizwerke”, funded by the Austrian federal ministry of environment and agriculture and the local Styrian Landesenergieverein Folie 19Quality Management in local biomass district heating plants and grids