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The Obesity/Diabetes Epidemic: Perspectives, Consequences, Prevention, Treatment

This lecture discusses the epidemiology, economics, and perspectives on obesity and diabetes. It explores the consequences, risk factors, and prevention strategies. Additionally, it covers the medical benefits of weight loss and evidence-based interventions.

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The Obesity/Diabetes Epidemic: Perspectives, Consequences, Prevention, Treatment

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  1. The Obesity/Diabetes Epidemic:Perspectives, Consequences,Prevention, Treatment Stan Schwartz MD, FACP, FACE Private Practice, Ardmore Obesity Program Cardiometabolic Diabetes Center and Affiliate, Main Line Health System Emeritus, Clinical Associate Professor University of Pennsylvania

  2. The Obesity/Diabetes Epidemic:Perspectives, Consequences,Prevention, Treatment Part 2 Stan Schwartz MD, FACP, FACE Private Practice, Ardmore Obesity Program Cardiometabolic Diabetes Center and Affiliate, Main Line Health System Emeritus, Clinical Associate Professor University of Pennsylvania

  3. Outline • Epidemiology and Economics of obesity/diabetes • Perspectives on Obesity • Consequences of Obesity, Prediabetes, Obesity • Obesity/ Diabetes Risk Factors, • Obesity/ Diabetes Onset can be Prevented or Delayed – Early Risk Identification and Intervention. • Medical Benefits to Weight Loss • Treatment-CDC’s diabetes prevention program and other Evidence-Based Interventions- • Basics, • Next Lecture in Series

  4. Perspectives on Obesity • Moral problem? • NOT- Must not blame an individual for issues they cannot have complete control over- ie: Their genes! • Psychological problem? Aesthetic problem? • culture based- self perception/esteem • Medical problem! • Public health problem! = Increased Societal Cost

  5. Cultural Defintions Change Over Time

  6. Thermic effect of feeding Energy expenditure of physical activity Resting energy expenditure Components of Total Daily Energy Expenditure 8% 8% 17% 32% 75% 60% Sedentary person (1800 kcal/d) Physically active person (2200 kcal/d)

  7. Fat stores Obesity Is Caused by Long-Term Positive Energy Balance Energy expenditure Energy intake

  8. Cumulative Effect of Small Daily Errors in Energy Balance on Body Fat Mass Leads to ‘100 cal/ day = 1 lb/m’ rule And patients are NOT ‘pigging out’

  9. Regulation of Body Weight • Genes confer the potential for obesity. • Environment determines whether and to what extent the potential is realized.

  10. Thrifty Genes Contribute to Morbid Obesity • Genetic factors account for 80 percent of a person’s tendency to develop obesity. • These “thrifty genes” are designed to protect us from starvation by allowing us to store large amounts of energy in the form of fat when food is abundant. • This is the first time in human history that food has been so abundant. • The age-old advantage of thrifty genes has been influenced by our unique environment to cause disease. Kaplan L. Body Weight Regulation and Obesity. Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2003;7(4):443-451.

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