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Cardiovascular Disease in Women Module I: Epidemiology

Cardiovascular Disease in Women Module I: Epidemiology. Module I: Epidemiology . Statistics on Women and Cardiovascular Disease Comparisons to Men Age Differences Among Women Racial and Ethnic Group Differences. CVD and Other Major Causes of Death for Women in the United States: 2004.

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Cardiovascular Disease in Women Module I: Epidemiology

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  1. Cardiovascular Disease in WomenModule I: Epidemiology

  2. Module I: Epidemiology • Statistics on Women and Cardiovascular Disease • Comparisons to Men • Age Differences Among Women • Racial and Ethnic Group Differences

  3. CVD and Other Major Causes of Death for Women in the United States: 2004 Source: Adapted fromAmerican Heart Association 2008

  4. Congestive Heart Failure: Gender Differences • Compared to men, women with heart failure are: • Older • More likely to have hypertension • More likely to have diabetes • More likely to have diastolic dysfunction • Knowledge of diastolic dysfunction prognosis and treatment is limited • Trials of congestive heart failure treatments have included mainly men Source: Stromberg 2003

  5. Cardiovascular Disease Mortality: U.S. Males and Females 1980-2004 Source: Adapted fromAmerican Heart Association 2008

  6. Annual Numbers of U.S. Adults Diagnosed with Myocardial Infarction and Fatal CHD by Age and Sex Categories: 1987-2004 Age in Years Source: Adapted fromAmerican Heart Association 2008

  7. Acute MI Mortality by Age and Sex Source: Adapted from Vaccarino 1999

  8. Racial and Ethnic Groups Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death for African Americans, Latinos, Asian Americans, Pacific Islanders, and American Indians African American women are at the highest risk for death from heart disease among all racial, ethnic, and gender groups Source: American Heart Association 2004

  9. Major Causes of Death for White Women: U.S. 2004 Percent of Total Deaths Source: Adapted fromAmerican Heart Association 2008

  10. African Americans • African American women are at highest risk for death from heart disease among all race, ethnic, and gender groups • African Americans with established CHD are at high risk for cardiac death • The risk of death and morbidity from CHD attributable to HTN is higher in African Americans Sources: American Heart Association 2004, Mosca 2004, ATP III 2002, American Heart Association 2008

  11. Major Causes of Death for Black /African American Women: U.S. 2004 Percent of Total Deaths Source: Adapted fromAmerican Heart Association 2008

  12. Age-adjusted Death Rates for Leading Causes of Death in White and Black/African American Women: U.S. 2004 Per 100,000 Population Source: Adapted fromAmerican Heart Association 2008

  13. Latinas • Latinas have higher rates of many risk factors for heart disease, including obesity, physical inactivity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and hypertension, than white women • It is estimated that over 50% of Latinas born in the year 2000 will develop diabetes. CHD is the leading cause of death in diabetics. Sources: American Heart Association 2004, Narayan 2003

  14. Major Causes of Death for Hispanic/Latina Women: U.S. 2004 Percent of Total Deaths Source: Adapted fromAmerican Heart Association 2008

  15. Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders • There is limited information on the prevention and treatment of heart disease in Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders • The risk of heart disease varies between different ethnic groups within the Asian American community • South Asians have been reported to have a high prevalence of heart disease at young ages, in part because of a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome Source: ATP III 2002

  16. Major Causes of Death for Asian American and Pacific Islander Women: U.S. 2004 Percent of Total Deaths Source: Adapted fromAmerican Heart Association 2008

  17. American Indians • Cardiovascular disease rates vary among American Indian communities • Unlike other ethnic groups, the incidence of CHD is increasing among American Indians Source: ATP III 2002

  18. Major Causes of Death for American Indian and Alaska Native Women: U.S. 2004 Percent of Total Deaths Source: Adapted fromAmerican Heart Association 2008

  19. Summary • Among U.S. women, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death • Among U.S. women, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death for whites, African Americans, Latinas, Asian Americans, Pacific Islanders, and American Indians Source: American Heart Association 2008

  20. Summary • Mortality from CVD has decreased more for men in the past 20 years than for women • Over 10,000 women under age 45 suffer an acute myocardial infarction every year Source: American Heart Association 2008

  21. Cardiovascular Disease in WomenModule I: Epidemiology

  22. Module I: Epidemiology • Statistics on Women and Cardiovascular Disease • Comparisons to Men • Age Differences Among Women • Racial and Ethnic Group Differences

  23. CVD and Other Major Causes of Death for Women in the United States: 2004 Source: Adapted fromAmerican Heart Association 2008

  24. Congestive Heart Failure: Gender Differences • Compared to men, women with heart failure are: • Older • More likely to have hypertension • More likely to have diabetes • More likely to have diastolic dysfunction • Knowledge of diastolic dysfunction prognosis and treatment is limited • Trials of congestive heart failure treatments have included mainly men Source: Stromberg 2003

  25. Cardiovascular Disease Mortality: U.S. Males and Females 1980-2004 Source: Adapted fromAmerican Heart Association 2008

  26. Annual Numbers of U.S. Adults Diagnosed with Myocardial Infarction and Fatal CHD by Age and Sex Categories: 1987-2004 Age in Years Source: Adapted fromAmerican Heart Association 2008

  27. Acute MI Mortality by Age and Sex Source: Adapted from Vaccarino 1999

  28. Racial and Ethnic Groups Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death for African Americans, Latinos, Asian Americans, Pacific Islanders, and American Indians African American women are at the highest risk for death from heart disease among all racial, ethnic, and gender groups Source: American Heart Association 2004

  29. Major Causes of Death for White Women: U.S. 2004 Percent of Total Deaths Source: Adapted fromAmerican Heart Association 2008

  30. African Americans • African American women are at highest risk for death from heart disease among all race, ethnic, and gender groups • African Americans with established CHD are at high risk for cardiac death • The risk of death and morbidity from CHD attributable to HTN is higher in African Americans Sources: American Heart Association 2004, Mosca 2004, ATP III 2002, American Heart Association 2008

  31. Major Causes of Death for Black /African American Women: U.S. 2004 Percent of Total Deaths Source: Adapted fromAmerican Heart Association 2008

  32. Age-adjusted Death Rates for Leading Causes of Death in White and Black/African American Women: U.S. 2004 Per 100,000 Population Source: Adapted fromAmerican Heart Association 2008

  33. Latinas • Latinas have higher rates of many risk factors for heart disease, including obesity, physical inactivity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and hypertension, than white women • It is estimated that over 50% of Latinas born in the year 2000 will develop diabetes. CHD is the leading cause of death in diabetics. Sources: American Heart Association 2004, Narayan 2003

  34. Major Causes of Death for Hispanic/Latina Women: U.S. 2004 Percent of Total Deaths Source: Adapted fromAmerican Heart Association 2008

  35. Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders • There is limited information on the prevention and treatment of heart disease in Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders • The risk of heart disease varies between different ethnic groups within the Asian American community • South Asians have been reported to have a high prevalence of heart disease at young ages, in part because of a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome Source: ATP III 2002

  36. Major Causes of Death for Asian American and Pacific Islander Women: U.S. 2004 Percent of Total Deaths Source: Adapted fromAmerican Heart Association 2008

  37. American Indians • Cardiovascular disease rates vary among American Indian communities • Unlike other ethnic groups, the incidence of CHD is increasing among American Indians Source: ATP III 2002

  38. Major Causes of Death for American Indian and Alaska Native Women: U.S. 2004 Percent of Total Deaths Source: Adapted fromAmerican Heart Association 2008

  39. Summary • Among U.S. women, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death • Among U.S. women, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death for whites, African Americans, Latinas, Asian Americans, Pacific Islanders , and American Indians Source: American Heart Association 2008

  40. Summary • Mortality from CVD has decreased more for men in the past 20 years than for women • Over 10,000 women under age 45 suffer an acute myocardial infarction every year Source: American Heart Association 2008

  41. Cardiovascular Disease in WomenModule I: Epidemiology

  42. Module I: Epidemiology • Statistics on Women and Cardiovascular Disease • Comparisons to Men • Age Differences Among Women • Racial and Ethnic Group Differences

  43. CVD and Other Major Causes of Death for Women in the United States: 2004 Source: Adapted fromAmerican Heart Association 2008

  44. Congestive Heart Failure: Gender Differences • Compared to men, women with heart failure are: • Older • More likely to have hypertension • More likely to have diabetes • More likely to have diastolic dysfunction • Knowledge of diastolic dysfunction prognosis and treatment is limited • Trials of congestive heart failure treatments have included mainly men Source: Stromberg 2003

  45. Cardiovascular Disease Mortality: U.S. Males and Females 1980-2004 Source: Adapted fromAmerican Heart Association 2008

  46. Annual Numbers of U.S. Adults Diagnosed with Myocardial Infarction and Fatal CHD by Age and Sex Categories: 1987-2004 Age in Years Source: Adapted fromAmerican Heart Association 2008

  47. Acute MI Mortality by Age and Sex Source: Adapted from Vaccarino 1999

  48. Racial and Ethnic Groups Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death for African Americans, Latinos, Asian Americans, Pacific Islanders, and American Indians African American women are at the highest risk for death from heart disease among all racial, ethnic, and gender groups Source: American Heart Association 2004

  49. Major Causes of Death for White Women: U.S. 2004 Percent of Total Deaths Source: Adapted fromAmerican Heart Association 2008

  50. African Americans • African American women are at highest risk for death from heart disease among all race, ethnic, and gender groups • African Americans with established CHD are at high risk for cardiac death • The risk of death and morbidity from CHD attributable to HTN is higher in African Americans Sources: American Heart Association 2004, Mosca 2004, ATP III 2002, American Heart Association 2008

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