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Asymmetric division

Asymmetric division. Text and image sources are included using the notes function of this file. All centrosomes are not equivalent!. DNA Microtubules IoDPP mRNA. Yeast spindle orientation. Video. GFP-tubulin. GFP-tubulin Dyn1:His3. Video.

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Asymmetric division

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  1. Asymmetric division Text and image sources are included using the notes function of this file

  2. All centrosomes are not equivalent! DNA Microtubules IoDPP mRNA

  3. Yeast spindle orientation Video GFP-tubulin GFP-tubulin Dyn1:His3 Video

  4. MTOC reorientation to the immunological synapse in single positive mature T-cells

  5. Ash1 mRNA (encoding a transcriptional repressor of MAT switching) is transported into the daughter in budding yeast Locasome transport requires formin-initiated microfilament cables and a myosin V family member (Myo4p)

  6. 3’UTR structure is important ash1 mutants don’t switch Ash1 mRNA

  7. Proteins are segregated to the bud too Both the Ist2p protein and mRNA are localized to the bud

  8. Caenorhabditis elegans Video

  9. Caenorhabditis elegans development Female Male Pronuclei GFP::histone fusion Video

  10. P-granule partitioning

  11. P-granules fill at the NE

  12. Wild-type partitioning GFP::P granules at the movies Cytochalasin 3 Videos Nocodazole

  13. Localization of Par-2::GFP Video

  14. Par2::GFP is increasingly restricted to the P lineage Video

  15. Par mutant phenotypes

  16. Setting it all up Pie-1 Par-1 Par-2 P-granules Mex-5 Mex-6 Par3/6/aPKC

  17. Pop goes the weasel!

  18. Xenopus development

  19. Video The first cleavages split the embryo on its three axes and continue to generate a mass of cells

  20. Veg1 binds to VERA on ER Density gradient centrifugation Gel shift assay

  21. METROorganizes traffic

  22. Localization of mRNAs in Drosophila bicoid oskar

  23. Drosophila disconnects mitosis from cytokinesis Video GFP-tau marks microtubules

  24. Pole cells get polar granules

  25. Microinjection rescues the day!

  26. Anterior-Posterior Gradients

  27. Cascades of gene activity set up the Drosophila body plan

  28. Loss of Bicoid results in no head! Wt larval head bicoid null

  29. Mislocalization of Nanos gives two tails

  30. Cellularization traps nuclei with different RNA populations that are translated to make create different microenvironments Bicoid, even-skipped andcaudal

  31. Partitioning of Cdx2in the mouse embryo Deb K, Sivaguru M, Yong HY, Roberts RM. Cdx2 gene expression and trophectoderm lineage specification in mouse embryos. Science. 2006 Feb 17;311(5763):992-6.

  32. Another Drosophila example: neurogenesis Muscle precursors Postmitotic Neurons Sensory precursors GMC Notch Apical surface

  33. Cell division in Drosophila epidermoblasts Video Basal Apical

  34. Neuroblast spindle rotation in metaphase Basal Apical Video

  35. Asymmetric neuroblast division Basal Apical Video

  36. Numb partitioning Apical Basal Neuroblast GMC Anaphase Telophase DNA andNumb protein andcentrosomes

  37. GFP-PON (partner of Numb) basal Video apical

  38. PON localization precedes spindle rotation Video Cell expressing both GFP::PON and GFP::tubulin

  39. Asymmetric components Inscuteable + Partner of Inscuteable (PINS) Baz(Par3)/Par6/aPKC and Galphai (G-protein) Numb Partner of Numb (PON) Neuroblast (Apical) (Basal) GMC + - MyoVI Miranda Stauffen (RNA binding) + Prospero ( homeodomain transcr. factor)

  40. Inscuteable RNAi disrupts rotation Basal Apical Video Note cell still appears to divide asymmetrically

  41. Mutations in the tumor suppressor Discs Large cause loss of polarioty basal apical Wild type Mutant

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