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PEOPLE’S MEDIA AND COMMUNICATION RIGHTS IN INDONESIA AND THE PHILIPPINES

PEOPLE’S MEDIA AND COMMUNICATION RIGHTS IN INDONESIA AND THE PHILIPPINES. Ubonrat Siriyuvasak 30 July 2013. Some names people’s media alternative media citizens’ media radical media. medias libres participatory media community media grassroots media.

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PEOPLE’S MEDIA AND COMMUNICATION RIGHTS IN INDONESIA AND THE PHILIPPINES

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  1. PEOPLE’S MEDIA AND COMMUNICATION RIGHTSIN INDONESIA AND THE PHILIPPINES Ubonrat Siriyuvasak 30 July 2013 people's media

  2. Some names people’s media alternative media citizens’ media radical media medias libres participatory media community media grassroots media People’s Media and Communication Rights people's media

  3. Characteristics small independent non-commercial non-profit Activities media activism radicalism underground alternative media activities People’s Media people's media

  4. Citizens’ Media • Citizens’ media articulates the metamorphic transformation of alternative media participants (community media or alternative media) into active citizens. • Citizens’ media is a concept that accounts for the processes of empowerment, conscienti- zation, and fragmentation of power. people's media

  5. Citizens’ Media • Men, women, and youth gain access to and re-claim their own media. As they use media to re-constitute their own cultural codes to name the world in their own terms. • Citizens’ media participants disrupt power relationships, exercise their own agency, and re-constitute their own lives, futures, and cultures (Rodriguez 2004, 18). people's media

  6. People’s Media • To struggle for the right to speak • To gain freedom of association, idea and expression • To resist and criticize • To oppose state terror, injustice and oppression • To be heard and understood by the public and by the ‘established power’ people's media

  7. Communication Rights • Bill of Rights • Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 19 • national constitution • People’s Communication Charter people's media

  8. People’s Communication Charter • The People’s Communication Charter called for a shift of the concept of communication and media in which communication contribute to the ‘empowerment’ of people and the improvement of the communication environment people's media

  9. People’s Media Organization Who are they ? • Media Democratization Activist The mission (locally and globally) • To achieve a more democratic media culture • To strive for democratic media structure people's media

  10. Media Democratization Activism (1) • influencing content and practices of mainstream media • advocating for reform of government policy/regulation of media in order to change the very structure of media institutions people's media

  11. Media Democratization Activism (2) • building independent, democratic and participatory media to give voice to the marginalized • changing the relationship between audiences and media, chiefly by empowering audiences to be more critical of hegemonic media people's media

  12. Indonesia • From political press to commercial press during Soeharto’s ‘new order’ (1966-1998) • ‘neutralized’ and ‘depoliticized’ • institutionalized into the modernization scheme • centralization to Java • publishing license, Surat Ijin Usaha Penerbitan Pers (SIUPP) or Press Publication Enterprise Permit people's media

  13. Press resistance in Soeharto’s ‘New Order’ 1994 > • journalist union–Aliansi Jurnalis Independen (AJI) or the Alliance of Independent Journalist • Institut Studi Arus Informasi (ISAI) or the Institute of the Studies of Free Flow of Information people's media

  14. Underground press • Independen (Independent) > Suara Independen (Voice of Independence), • Xpos (Expose) • AJI News (on the internet) • Siar (Broadcast) • TNI Watch (Army Watch) • ‘Apakabar’ (on the internet) people's media

  15. Reformasi and People’s Media 1998 > • New press freedom after ‘May Tragedy’ 1998 • legal reform • New Press Law (1999) • New Broadcasting Law (2002) • Ministry of Information abolished people's media

  16. Community Radio (1) ‘Angkringan Radio’ and ‘Angkringan Newsletter’ (Yogyakarta) • Angkringan means a small food and drink stall, the popular road side café, for the community. It is an open forum where information exchange and communication take place • Angkringan : monitor local government • Angkringan : new channel of independent and participatory communication for Timbulharjo people's media

  17. Community Radio (2) • Radio Cibangkong (Bandung) • Mobilizing Cibangkong villagers against corporate encroachment • Creating a forum for ‘citizensolidarity’ • ‘peace building’ between youth groups people's media

  18. Community Radio (3) Balai Budaya Minomartani or Encounter Radio (Sleman) • Cultural forum and community identity • empowerment and socio-cultural integration between religious and ethnic groups people's media

  19. Radio News Network Radio News Agency 68H > 68H Radio • ‘Independen, Bisa Dipercaya’ or ‘independent and trustworthy’ • Networking news to 400 stations in Indonesia people's media

  20. Neighbourhood Internet Network Community-based internet network using wireless internet technology • Creating a a broad bottom-up internet infrastructure • Creating consciousness on communication right through the process of self-learning technology people's media

  21. The Philippines Nationalist Movement (19th century) • The Propaganda Movement ‘La Solidaridad’ • Jose Rizal’s novels • Noli Me Tangere • El Filibusterismo people's media

  22. Alternative press and popular opposition Ferdinand Marcos and Martial Law (1972) • Strict censorship • ‘independent press’ transformed into ‘crony press’ people's media

  23. Mosquito Press vs Crony Press (1983 >) Mosquito press • Malaya and We Forum (Burgos) • Philippine Collegian (UP) • Business Day • Radio Veritas (Cardinal Sin, Philippine Catholic Church) • Mr. & Ms.Special Edition > Weekly Inquirer (Jimenez-Magsanoc) people's media

  24. The EDSA Revolution (1986) • Radio Veritas mobilizing the masses against Marcos • Channel 4 and 9 were used by Marcos to counter Radio Veritas • alternative radio and newspapers keep demonstrators informed and mobilize people to participate in the People Power movement people's media

  25. EDSA 2 (2001)Multi-media People’s Revolt Networking of ‘virtual citizens’ (locally and globally) • Texting / SMS (mobile phone) • The internet (internet) • Mass media (mainstream television, radio) 4-day protests • 1-5 millions demonstrators at EDSA & nation wide • 1.16 billion text messages across the network people's media

  26. EDSA 1 politician & church organising the public EDSA 2 Public organising different groups of people from different social backgrounds and political shades EDSA 1 – EDSA 2 people's media

  27. EDSA 2 & Democratisation of communication network Personal and private communica- tion networks were transformed into citizen networks and eventually connected to the larger public and politically active networks of communication and action such as KOMPIL and BAYAN people's media

  28. Access to Public Information and Investigative Journalism Investigative Reporting • use of public record • extensive interview • in-depth and long-term research people's media

  29. Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism (PCIJ) – 1989 PCIJ information distribution network • http://www.pcij.org • ‘i-site’ section • i magazine • Limited number of mainstream media people's media

  30. PCIJ and EDSA 2 Sheila Coronel, PCIJ Executive Director and 2003 Magsaysay Laureate “by constantly digging for information, by forcing government and the private sector to release documents, and by subjecting officials and other powerful individuals to rigorous questioning, investigative journalists expand the boundaries of what is possible to print or air.” people's media

  31. People’s Media Activism • PCIJ’s investigative reports on President’s Estrada unexplained wealth • Media report and television live coverage of the impeachment trial • Multi-media networking of information and communication bring about citizen empowerment people's media

  32. Democratization of Media Structure (1) • People networking, speaking and participating through old and new means of information technologies • Communication which is relevant and dialogic and horizontal in nature people's media

  33. Democratization of Media Structure (2) • restructuring the political economy of communications infrastructure and cultural environment • People being conscientized and empowered as active citizen people's media

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