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2. Topic: Building better Infrastructure with Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) & GIS at the community level Nelson Philip Fernandes Asst. General Manager GIS & SCADA Project Execution nelson@psi-incontrol.com www.psi-incontrol.com

3. A few words about PSI… • Parent Company Based in Germany with a European Presence of over 40 years • PSI-InControl based in Sungai Buloh, Selangor, pioneers in In-House Engineering and R&D • Feather-In-The-Cap projects to name a few: • TNB Corporate GIS (CGIS) • SMART Tunnel & Penchala Tunnel Automation • SCADA & Distribution Automation for Entire Malaysia (TNB) & Thailand (PEA) Electrical Utilities • KTMB Seramban-Gemas Double Tracking Project Automation • Proton City Automation • A few words about me… • Electronics & Communication Engineer by Profession have been involved primarily in the SCADA Automation Industry • Member of TNB’s CGIS-PMO (Corporate Geospatial Implementation System - Project Management Office) • Planned, Lead & Executed numerous Change Management initiatives including KAIZEN principles • Leading organization-wide ERP solutions inclusive of Business Process Re-Engineering initiatives • Overall 16 years in the Automation industry, with PSI association for the past 10 years

4. Table of Content • Rural Development • What can we urban talents do to improve quality of life at the rural front? • Some GIS assisted benefits to the rural communities • Software/Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) • The SDLC phase that matters this topic • The Missing Link • Are we Urban Professionals missing on some of the Key Stakeholders? • The Complimenting Communities • Rural vs Urban; Strengths vs. Weaknesses • The Change Management Approach • What is Change Management? • Top Reasons Projects Fail {Source: Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu CIO Survey}

5. Table of Content • The Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) & how it helps build better rural infrastructure at the community level • Case studies snapshots • A Bit On PGIS • How Participatory methods have benefited the Urban communities? • Conclusion

6. Rural Infrastructure DevelopmentWhat can we urban talents do to improve quality of life at the rural front? • Some of the GIS assisted benefits to the rural communities • Road & Rail Infrastructure Development • Water Infrastructure Development • Vegetation & Live StockManagement • Livelihood Community Development • Climate Predictions & Agriculture Management • Pest & Diseases Monitoring & Control We are not discussing these topics in this talk!

7. Software/Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) • Before we proceed further, let us look into a typical software project implementation approach i.e. the SDLC Project Requirements Gathering Phase

8. The Missing LinkAre we Urban Professionals missing on some of the Key Stakeholders? • Who are the project stakeholders? • Government Initiating faculty (Town & Planning dept., etc) • Project Implementers • The rural community who are the beneficiaries of the project • Who are the ones involved during the Analysis & Data gathering phase? • Project implementers • Surveyors • Are we missing someone? • The rural community? The eventual beneficiary!

9. The Complimenting CommunitiesRural vs Urban; Strengths vs. Weaknesses

10. The Change Management ApproachWhat is Change Management? • Managing the changes that would impact & affect • an Organization • People • System • Documentation • Business Processes • CHMT aspects • Adapting to change • Controlling the change • Effecting the change • Managing user expectations • Academically • Topic of Organizational Behavior

11. The Change Management ApproachTop Reasons Projects Fail 82% Resistance to Change 72% Inadequate Sponsorship 65% Unrealistic Expectations 54% Poor Project Management 46% Case for Change not Compelling 44% Project Team Lacking Skills 44% Scope Expansion / Uncertainty 43% No Change Management Programs 41% No Horizontal Process View 36% IT Perspective not Integrated 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% % of Firms Mentioning Addressed by Change Management programme Source: Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu CIO Survey

12. The Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA)Definition • In simple words, in a PRA approach the rural communities participate right from the information gathering phase to the implementation phase of the rural development. • It constitutes to the empowerment of the local communities & assures them of the positives of the development with a sense of ownership. • In a PRA approach the technologically superior urban project sponsors leverage on the expertise & diversity of the local knowledge by facilitating the requirements gathering process.

13. The Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA)Advantages • Spatial technologies like GIS can be used by the community members itself in association with IT professionals ensuring the cultural, social & bio-physical territorial features are captured in the process. • The rural communities feel a sense of ownership for the development project

14. PRA + GIS = PGIS*Participatory GIS • *Not used in the rural context alone, PGIS is slowly but surely gathering pace. Simple examples are • Google Maps • Navigation Maps (e.g. Malsingmaps) • etc…

15. Concluding Note • Sustainable development can be defined as constant improvement in the quality of life for the current generation, ensuring better quality of life for the subsequent generations. • With PRA & PGIS put together, we can achieve Sustainable Rural Development in the true sense • PRA aims at achieving that goal by involving the rural community in the planning of the rural development GIS project. The rural communities participate in the decision making process & thus in turn display a sense of ownership for the project. • PRA + PGIS = “A GIS System By the People, For The People”

16. Any Questions??

17. Thank You For your Time