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Planning Your Upgrade to Oracle Database 10 g

Planning Your Upgrade to Oracle Database 10 g. Objectives. After completing this lesson, you should be able to do the following: Describe the supported upgrade paths to Oracle Database 10 g Plan the upgrade. Steps to Upgrade to Oracle Database 10 g. Steps to complete the upgrade:

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Planning Your Upgrade to Oracle Database 10 g

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  1. Planning Your Upgradeto Oracle Database 10g

  2. Objectives • After completing this lesson, you should be able to do the following: • Describe the supported upgrade paths to Oracle Database 10g • Plan the upgrade

  3. Steps to Upgrade to Oracle Database 10g • Steps to complete the upgrade: 1. Plan the upgrade to Oracle Database 10g. 2. Install the 10g software. 3. Perform the upgrade: • Using the Database Upgrade Assistant (DBUA) • Using the manual method • Using export and import 4. Perform postupgrade operations.

  4. Planning the Upgrade 1. Choose an upgrade method. 2. Test the upgrade: a. Prepare the test source b. Upgrade c. Perform postupgrade step 3. Record problems. 4. Record lessons learned.

  5. Choosing an Upgrade Method • The basic upgrade methods are: • Database Upgrade Assistant (DBUA) (recommended) • Manual method • Export and import method Upgrade Oracle8i Database Oracle Database 10g

  6. Oracle Database 10g Upgrade Paths • Direct upgrade supported from: • 9.2.0, 9.0.1, 8.1.7, 8.0.6 • 9.2.0 Real Application Clusters • Direct upgrade not supported from: • 8.1.6, 8.1.5, 8.0.5, 8.0.4, 8.0.3, 7.3.4 • Oracle Parallel Server • You must first upgrade to an intermediate release if a direct upgrade is not supported.

  7. DBUA Advantages • Automatically performs preupgrade steps • Optionally backs up any necessary files • Checks for adequate resources • Creates newly required objects • Shows upgrade progress through the upgrade • Writes detailed trace and logging files • Updates all databases and configuration files in a RAC environment • Supports silent mode for single-command upgrade

  8. Manual Upgrade: Advantages and Disadvantages • Advantages: • The DBA controls every step of the upgrade process. • Disadvantages: • More work for the DBA, who must: • Perform a manual space check for the SYSTEM tablespace • Manually adjust all obsolete or deprecated initialization parameters • Perform a user-driven backup of the database • Subject to errors DBA

  9. Upgrade Method Limitations • Both DBUA and the manual method have the following limitations: • Target and source must be on the same platform. • Source must be a terminal release (for example, 8.1.7). • Character sets must be compatible. • Storage type cannot change.

  10. Using the Export and Import Method • The export and import method is always available. • This method is required for certain situations: • Change in platform • Upgrade from unsupported versions • Export and import are useful in certain cases: • Changes in character set • In combination with upgrade

  11. Character Sets • The Oracle database uses two character sets: • Database character set • Must include ASCII as a strict subset • Used for PL/SQL • National character set • May be any supported character set in Oracle8i • Must be a supported Unicode character set in Oracle Database 10g: AL32UTF8 or AL16UTF16

  12. Understanding Unicode Encodings AL32UTF8 AL16UTF16 c 63 0063 á C3 91 00E1 Supplementary characters t 74 0074 A89E EE AA 9E D834 DD1E F0 9D 84 9E d 0064 64 ö 00F6 C3 B6 0424 D0 A4 Encoding: Representing characters with byte sequences

  13. New Unicode Character Sets • Two new Unicode character sets: • AL16UTF16 • AL32UTF8 • Two existing character sets: • UTF8 • UTFE • Desupported character set: AL24UTFFSS • Character set choice affects space usage: • Non-English European strings: 2 bytes • Far East characters: 3 bytes in varying width, 2 bytes in fixed width

  14. Using the Character Set Scanner • Used before converting database character sets • Does not convert data in the database • Scans for any character conversion problems (not limited to Unicode) • Produces a report of potential conversion faults • Available since Oracle8i, Release 3 (8.1.7) • Installed by the csminst.sql script

  15. Invoking the Character Set Scanner • Invoked using the utility name csscan • Provides a command-line interface • Includes interactive prompts $ csscan system/manager FULL=y TOCHAR=utf8ARRAY=102400PROCESS=5 $ csscan system/manager PARFILE=filename

  16. Performing Character Conversion • The actual conversion is done separately, after you have viewed the scanner reports. • Basic methods: • Full export and import (recommended) • ALTERDATABASE if no characters change codes • ALTERTABLE ... MODIFY to change CHAR columns to NCHAR columns • You can also use a combination: • Use export and import on the few tables that contain changing character codes, and then use ALTERDATABASE

  17. Changing Word Size • Oracle Database 10g requires 64-bit hardware on most platforms. • The word size is implicitly changed during upgrade or downgrade. • Changing the word size within the same database version requires explicit recompilation of PL/SQL.

  18. Using Optimal Flexible Architecture(OFA) • Purpose of OFA: • Organize software and data on disk, to avoid device bottlenecks and poor performance • Facilitate routine tasks such as backup • Facilitate switching between multiple Oracle databases • Adequately manage and administer database growth • Reduce and isolate fragmentation of free space, and minimize resource contention

  19. Summary • In this lesson, you should have learned how to: • Plan a database upgrade from Oracle8i to Oracle10g • Choose an upgrade method

  20. Practice 1 Overview:Preparing to Upgrade Your Oracle8i Database to Oracle Database 10g • This practice covers the following topics: • Performing a full database export • Performing a full database backup • Executing the Character Set Scanner and reviewing output • Performing a character set conversion

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