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Vocabulary

Vocabulary. Mein Kampf - Hitler’s autobiography that promotes his beliefs and goals for Germany Totalitarianism- System of government where the government has control over all aspects of people’s lives

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Vocabulary

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  1. Vocabulary Mein Kampf- Hitler’s autobiography that promotes his beliefs and goals for Germany Totalitarianism- System of government where the government has control over all aspects of people’s lives Fascism- System of government that promotes extreme nationalism, denial of individual rights and 1 party rule Appeasement- The act of giving in to an aggressor in order to keep peace

  2. Warm Up Why was Hitler able to rise to power?

  3. The Rise of Dictators

  4. SETTING THE STAGE • AS NATIONS THROUGHOUT THE WORLD STRUGGLE TO OVERCOME THE GREAT DEPRESSION, SOME PEOPLE LOST FAITH IN DEMOCRACY AND TURNED TO FASCISM

  5. FASCISM • Fascism glorifies the state above the individual by emphasizing a strong gov’t. • Leaders promised to revive the economy, punish those responsible for hard times, and restore order. • This message attracted many people • Ruled by dictators • Gov’t controls all aspects of life • Usually gain/keep power through use of force • Against Democracy & Marxism • Denied individual rights • Weak and inefficient to solve economic problems and prevent communism • Nationalism • State is supreme • Advocate Imperialism and War • Believed peaceful nations were waiting to be conquered

  6. THE RISE OF DICTATORS • ITALY AND GERMANY ADAPT DICTATORIAL REGIMES TO SOLVE ECONOMIC PROBLEMS AND TO RESTORE NATIONAL PRIDE • A TOTALITARIAN STATE IS A GOVERNMENT THAT AIMS TO CONTROL THE POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, AND SOCIAL LIVES OF CITIZENS

  7. Fascism in Italy • Italy was mad that they didn’t get more from the Treaty of Versailles • Italy was also struggling economically and wanted a leader to take action • Benito Mussolini revived Italy’s economy and rebuilt its armed forces. • Mussolini grew in popularity. • Acquired colonies

  8. The government was turned into a totalitarian dictatorship with Mussolini as the leader (IL DUCE). • When Mussolini takes control he uses secret police and censorship to maintain power • Gov’t regulated all aspects of business including productions/prices • Gov’t set wages, working conditions, and prohibited strikes

  9. Rise of Hitler • A High School dropout and failed artist, joins German Army in WWI. • In 1921, he becomes leader of a tiny political group who wants to overturn the Versailles Treaty. • Inspired by Mussolini the Nazi’s try to seize power • Failed and Hitler ends up in prison

  10. “Mein Kampf” • Writes while in prison, it set forth his beliefs and goals for Germany • Believes that Germans, or “Aryans”, were a master race and everyone else was inferior • Vows to regain lost land to Treaty of Versailles • Lebensraum • Germany is overcrowded and needs more living space • Most Germans ignored Hitler until the Great Depression. • Frightened, Germans now turned to Hitler, hoping for security and firm leadership.

  11. Hitler becomes Chancellor • The Nazi’s are the largest political party by 1932 • The Nazi’s convince President Hindenburg to name Hitler Chancellor • Hitler comes to power legally and the Nazi’s take control of Parliament • Hitler created a totalitarian state. • The SS and Gestapo were secret police that murdered hundreds of his enemies. • Banned all other political parties. • Took over the economy and put millions to work. • Practiced censorship and propaganda techniques. • Indoctrination of youth.

  12. The Nazi State • The Nazis blamed all their problems on the Jews. • Led to anti-Semitism across Germany. • Passed laws depriving Jews of most of their rights. • Kristallnacht • Night of the Broken Glass. • Killed about 100 Jews. • Destroyed thousands of Jewish owned buildings.

  13. Militarism in Japan • When the Great Depression struck, military leaders take control of the country. • Made Emperor Hirohito the head of state power. • Wanted to solve the country’s economic problems through foreign expansion. • Would provide Japan with raw materials and markets for its goods. • Give Japan room for its rising population. • Japan invades Manchuria in 1931. • The League of Nations does nothing to stop this. • Japan then invades all of China. • Chinese Nationalists and Communists fight against the Japanese. • The Japanese kill thousands.

  14. European Aggressors on the March • Mussolini invades Ethiopia. • The League of Nations does nothing to stop this. • By giving in to Mussolini in Africa, many hoped to keep peace in Europe. • The League of Nations does nothing when Hitler: • Builds up the size of his army. • Invaded the Rhineland. • Appeasement- giving in to an aggressors demands in hopes to maintain peace. • Makes an alliance with Italy. • Democracies do nothing during Spain’s civil war. • Spain falls to a fascist dictator.

  15. Democratic Nations try to Preserve Peace • The U.S. supported isolationism. • Belief that political ties to other countries should be avoided. • League of Nations ignored Hitler when he took Austria and the Sudetenland. • At the Munich Conference, Hitler promises to take no more land. • Hitler takes the rest of Czechoslovakia. • Mussolini takes Albania. • Hitler wants part of Poland. • 1939, Hitler and Stalin sign the Nonaggression Pact. • Promised to never attack one another.

  16. Closing/Reflection • What is Fascism? • Why were Mussolini and Hitler able to gain and keep power? • Why was it beneficial for Hitler to indoctrinate the youth? • Why does Hitler want to reclaim lands lost in the Treaty of Versailles? • Why does Japan practice a policy of Imperialism? • How did the policy of appeasement lead to WWII?

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