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Understanding Membrane Transport Mechanisms in Biochemistry

Explore the chemical and electrical potential across lipid bilayer barriers, osmotic pressure, types of membrane proteins, ion channels, cellular transport types, and nerve cell transmission processes in this comprehensive guide. Learn about passive and active transport, ion channels versus transporters, and secondary energy sources that regulate cellular transport. Discover how stimuli, gate openings, and ion movements contribute to nerve cell transmission and action potentials.

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Understanding Membrane Transport Mechanisms in Biochemistry

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  1. Membrane Transport Biochemistry Free For All

  2. Chemical and Electrical Potential Across a Lipid Bilayer Barrier

  3. Osmotic Pressure Across a Semipermeable Barrier

  4. Types of Membrane Proteins

  5. Three Types of Membrane Protein Ports Symport (Synport) Uniport Antiport

  6. No Net Change in Charge Net Change in Charge

  7. Ion Channels

  8. Ion Channel Features 1. General Structure 2. Opening 3. Filter 4. Effective Opening Size 5. Door

  9. Closed Open Potassium Channel

  10. Potassium Channel - Top-down View

  11. Hydration Shell

  12. Cellular Transport Types Passive - Purely Diffusion Driven, Follows Concentration Gradient Facilitated - Protein Guided, Follows Concentration Gradient Active - Protein Guided, Energy Required to Move at Least One Molecule Against Concentration Gradient

  13. Passive Transport - Purely Diffusion Driven

  14. Ion Channels vs Transporters

  15. Facilitated Diffusion

  16. Active Transport

  17. Higher K+ inside Higher Na+ outside Sodium-Potassium ATPase

  18. Secondary Energy Source Sodium-Glucose Pump Sodium/Glucose Symport

  19. Lactose Permease Lactose/Proton Symport

  20. Lactose Permease Secondary Energy Source - Protons

  21. Voltage Change

  22. Nerve Cell Transmission 1. Stimulus 2. Opening of Na+ gates 3. Na+ diffuses into cell 4. Voltage change causes K+ gates to open 5. K+ diffuses out of cell 6. All gates close 7. Wave of voltage changes moves down cell 8. Neurotransmitters move signal across cells 9. Na+ K+ ATPase restores gradients in originating cell

  23. K+ gates open Action Potential Na+K+ ATPase acts Stimulus, Na+ gates open

  24. Gates Gates Wave of Na+ in, K+ out Transmission of signal from one cell to another

  25. Tetrodotoxin From Puffer Fish Bind Voltage Gated Na+ Channels

  26. Saxitoxin Shellfish Toxin From Algal Blooms Sodium Channel Blocker

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