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EPUB 3 vs. KF 8

EPUB 3 vs. KF 8. Accessibility in eBook Formats. Iris Amelia Febres , M.A. F+W Media, eBook Developer Future Publishing & Accessibility Conference Copenhagen, Denmark June 13, 2013 #cph13 • @ epubpupil Slide deck: irisamelia.com / newpubcph / presentation.pptx. Overview.

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EPUB 3 vs. KF 8

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  1. EPUB 3 vs. KF8 Accessibility in eBook Formats Iris Amelia Febres,M.A. F+W Media, eBook Developer Future Publishing & Accessibility Conference Copenhagen, Denmark June 13, 2013 #cph13 • @epubpupil Slide deck: irisamelia.com/newpubcph/presentation.pptx

  2. Overview • What are EPUB 3 and KF8? • How does each address accessibility within its format? • What are strategies we can implement when we create (accessible) ebooks?

  3. eBooks: Where Are We Now? • Pros • Significant progress with formats • Devices are intuitive • Standards are evolving (specifications) • Embracing the possible • Sales numbers of ebooks — worth the investment

  4. eBooks: Where Are We Now? • Cons • Splintering of formats (proprietary choices) • Splintering of devices (and a [supposed] move away from dedicated e-readers) • Catching up to technology • Expensive (time & money)

  5. What is accessibility? • Two definitions • Assistance specifically for the impaired • ADA • DAISY APK • Increasing compatibility for users • Flexible formatting • Semantic markup • DRM

  6. EPUB (EPUB 3) • The newest specification of the EPUB format (IDPF) • Harnesses HTML5 and CSS3 to render content dynamically, fully utilizing EPUB’s biggest strength: reflow • Embracing open standards • Encouraged as the standard for ebooks today • See: Readium Foundation

  7. Features in EPUB 3 • Audio/video capabilities • Text-to-speech • MathML and SVG support • Navigation changes • Robust metadata

  8. Accessibility in EPUB 3 • Specification built with accessibility in mind • Part IV of the EPUB 3 overview http://www.idpf.org/epub/30/spec/epub30-overview.html#sec-accessibility • Validation contingent on accessibility options • Epubcheck 3.0 • DAISY specs included • Audial/media overlays (DAISY Digital Talking Books)

  9. Caveats in EPUB 3 re: accessibility • Images and alt text • The “alt”attribute within an <img>tag is required for EPUB validation • However, it can be empty!

  10. Source: http://www.rnib.org.uk/

  11. Caveats in EPUB 3 re: accessibility • Text-to-speech/Read aloud • We have opportunities to create ebooks with text-to-speech/read-aloud functionality (popular in children’s books) • However, the learning curve is steep!

  12. Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL) <smilxmlns="http://www.w3.org/ns/SMIL" version="3.0"> <body> <par id="par1"> <textsrc="chapter1.xhtml#sentence1"/> <audio src="chapter1_audio.mp3" clipBegin="0s" clipEnd="10s"/> </par> <par id="par2"> <textsrc="chapter1.xhtml#sentence2"/> <audio src="chapter1_audio.mp3" clipBegin="10s" clipEnd="20s"/> </par> <par id="par3"> <textsrc="chapter1.xhtml#sentence3"/> <audio src="chapter1_audio.mp3" clipBegin="20s" clipEnd="30s"/> </par> </body> </smil> Source: EPUB Media Overlays 3.0 (sec. 3.1) —IDPF

  13. Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL) <smilxmlns="http://www.w3.org/ns/SMIL" version="3.0"> <body> <par id="par1"> <textsrc="chapter1.xhtml#sentence1"/> <audio src="chapter1_audio.mp3" clipBegin="0s" clipEnd="10s"/> </par> <par id="par2"> <textsrc="chapter1.xhtml#sentence2"/> <audio src="chapter1_audio.mp3" clipBegin="10s" clipEnd="20s"/> </par> <par id="par3"> <textsrc="chapter1.xhtml#sentence3"/> <audio src="chapter1_audio.mp3" clipBegin="20s" clipEnd="30s"/> </par> </body> </smil> Source: EPUB Media Overlays 3.0 (sec. 3.1) —IDPF

  14. Caveats in EPUB 3 re: accessibility • These features depend on the device • EPUB 3 is primarily supported by • Apple iPad (expensive!) • Kobo iOS/Android apps (read-aloud) Support is limited in other spots… but we’re getting there! • Readium Foundation • See: BISG Platform Grid

  15. Kindle Format 8 (KF8) • Successor to MOBI7 • HTML5 vs. HTML3 • Documentation • Amazon Kindle Publishing Guidelines • http://wiki.mobileread.com/wiki/MOBI (unofficial) • Updated frequently, a bible for developers • Specific to Amazon devices/apps • On eInk devices and tablets

  16. Features in KF8 • Updated Formatting • Built on HTML5 and CSS3 support • Font embedding/text styling (alignment, colors, etc.) • Fixed layout (proprietary) • SVG support

  17. Accessibility in KF8 • Main feature: Backward compatibility on older devices • Emphasis on • Wide margins • Magnification features • Children’s books and comics • Documentation not as focused • Accessibility opportunities specifically stem from HTML5 and CSS3 • Audio and video embedding • Additionally: Kindle for PC Accessibility Plugin

  18. Caveats in KF8 re: accessibility • Text-to-speech feature for the Kindle for PC accessibility plugin requires an external screen reader for use • Windows PC only

  19. Caveats in KF8 re: accessibility • These features depend on the device • KF8 is primarilyonly supported by • Kindle Fire (not as pricey as Apple, but…) • Optimal • Kindle Paperwhite (eInk — more limited; e.g., no audio) • Amazon Kindle apps

  20. By creating accessible EPUB files, we essentially create accessible Kindle files. However, the devices hold the power. In other words… Formats can do only so much!

  21. Strategies & Practices The key is awareness • Aim for reflow • Avoid info-as-image — i.e., tables should be in HTML • Think of your reader and what they can do • Think of your content and who is consuming it • Always QA your work • Talk to your outsourcer(s) and develop relationships

  22. Recommended Reading • EPUB 3: Best Practices by Matt Garrish (@MattGarrish) • Readmill #eprdctn reading group • Liz Castro’s EPUB texts (@LizCastro) • EPUB Straight to the Point • Read Aloud EPUB for iBooks • Audio and Video in EPUB (Miniguide) • Fixed Layout EPUBs for iPad and iPhone (Miniguide) • EPUB 3 book: Coming Soon! • Specifications (grab some coffee) • EPUB 2.1 and EPUB 3.0 • DAISY

  23. Questions? Say hello! • Twitter: @epubpupil • #eprdctn— all about ebook development & production, troubleshooting … counseling • LinkedIn: linkedin.com/in/irisamelia • Email: iris@irisamelia.com

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