1 / 12

Isotopes of Magnesium

12 p + 14 n 0. 12 p + 13 n 0. 12 p + 12 n 0. Isotopes of Magnesium. 12 e -. 12 e -. 12 e -. 24 12. 25 12. 26 12. Atomic symbol Mg Mg Mg. Number of protons 12 12 12. Number of electrons 12 12 12. Mass number 24 25 26.

lpearson
Download Presentation

Isotopes of Magnesium

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. 12p+ 14n0 12p+ 13n0 12p+ 12n0 Isotopes of Magnesium 12e- 12e- 12e- 24 12 25 12 26 12 Atomic symbol Mg Mg Mg Number of protons 12 12 12 Number of electrons 12 12 12 Mass number 24 25 26 Number of neutrons12 13 14 Isotope Notation Mg-24 Mg-25 Mg-26 Timberlake, Chemistry 7th Edition, page 64

  2. 1 p+ 1 p+ 1 n 1 p+ 2 n 1 e- 1 e- 1 e- H-1 H-2 H-3 Isotopes of Hydrogen Protium Deuterium Tritium (heavy hydrogen) (radioactive hydrogen) (ordinary hydrogen) Ralph A. Burns, Fundamentals of Chemistry 1999, page 100

  3. 1 p+ 1 p+ 1 n 1 p+ 2 n 1 e- 1 e- 1 e- Isotopes of Hydrogen • Protium (H-1) 1 proton, 0 neutrons, 1 electron most abundant isotope • Deuterium (H-2) 1 proton, 1 neutron, 1 electron used in “heavy water” • Tritium (H-3) 1 proton, 2 neutrons, 1 electron radioactive

  4. Isotopes of Three Common Elements Mass Number Mass (amu) 12 12(exactly) C 99.89% 12 6 12.01 C 13.003 1.11% 13 6 13 Cl 35 34.969 75.53% 35 17 35.45 Cl 37 36.966 24.47% 37 17 28 14 29 14 28.09 30 14 LeMay Jr, Beall, Robblee, Brower, Chemistry Connections to Our Changing World , 1996, page 110

  5. Radioisotopes • Radioactive isotopes • Many uses • Medical diagnostics • Optimal composition of fertilizers • Abrasion studies in engines and tires Radioisotope is injected into the bloodstream to observe circulation.

  6. b 5.73 x 103 years Carbon-14 Potassium-40 b, g 1.25 x 109 years Radon-222 3.8 days a Radium-226 1.6 x 103 years a, g 7.54 x 104 years a, g Thorium-230 Thorium-234 24.1 days b, g Uranium-235 7.0 x 108 years a, g Uranium-238 4.46 x 109 years a Half-Life of Isotopes Half-Lives and Radiation of Some Naturally Occurring Radioisotopes Isotope Half-Life Radiation emitted

  7. Atomic Structure • ATOMS • Differ by number of protons • IONS • Differ by number of electrons • ISOTOPES • Differ by number of neutrons

  8. sodium ion Na+ e- e- e- e- 11p+ e- e- e- e- e- e- Formation of Cation sodium atom Na e- e- e- e- e- e- loss of one valence electron 11p+ e- e- e- e- e- e-

  9. chloride ion Cl1- e- e- e- e- e- e- e- e- 17p+ e- e- e- e- e- e- e- e- e- e- Formation of Anion chlorine atom Cl gain of one valence electron e- e- e- e- e- e- e- e- 17p+ e- e- e- e- e- e- e- e- e- e-

  10. sodium ion Na+ e- e- e- e- e- e- e- e- e- e- e- 11p+ e- e- 17p+ e- e- e- e- e- e- e- e- e- e- e- e- e- e- e- Formation of Ionic Bond chloride ion Cl1-

  11. n = 3 n = 3 Ionic Bonding NaCl n = 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Na [Ne]3s1 Cl [Ne]3s23p5 Na+ [Ne] Cl- [Ne]3s23p6 Transfer of electrons to achieve a stable octet (8 electrons in valence shell).

  12. n = 2 - - - - Covalent Bonding - - - - n = 1 - - - - - - - - + - - - - - - - - - - - - O [He]2s22p4 O [He]2s22p4 O2 Sharing of electrons to achieve a stable octet (8 electrons in valence shell).

More Related