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Development of Panel Heater-Triangular Solar Still to produce pure water from saline water

This project aims to develop a new type of solar distillation technique called Panel Heater-Triangular Solar Still (PH-TSS) to produce pure water from saline water using renewable solar energy. The PH-TSS design combines a solar panel, a heater, and a triangular solar still for higher water productivity. The fabrication materials used are abundant, cheap, lightweight, and durable, making it a faster and better technique compared to conventional methods.

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Development of Panel Heater-Triangular Solar Still to produce pure water from saline water

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  1. Development of Panel Heater-Triangular Solar Still to produce pure water from saline water Name of Project Leader: Dr. Amimul Ahsan Designation: Senior Lecturer Faculty : Engineering Industry Cluster : Engineering University Putra Malaysia, Malaysia

  2. Fig. Women transporting drinking water (Sudan) Fig. Unsafe water source due to tsunami Fig. People collecting water from nearly dried-up well (Nigeria) Fig. Women collecting drinking Water (Bangladesh) Environmental Heat and Hydraulics Lab. INTRODUCTION Shortage of drinking water • Remote and arid areas • After natural disaster • (tsunami, tornado, etc.) Desalination - Solar distillation Electricity Transportation In developing/ under developed countries MSF MED ED RO Tubular Solar Still (TSS) (We developed) Easy fabrication, set-up & maintenance

  3. Environmental Heat and Hydraulics Lab. INTRODUCTION Basin type Still Conventional Theoretical Approach - Evaporative Heat Flux Dunkle Heat and mass transfer phenomena/coefficients - Temperature & vapor pressure (Water & cover)

  4. Environmental Heat and Hydraulics Lab. INTRODUCTION Aims: This Study Design: New TSS Theoretical Models - Cheap - Evaporation Model - Lightweight - Condensation Model - Local materials - Transient Model Indoor Experiment Field Experiment Model Prediction Model Verification Further Research

  5. Environmental Heat and Hydraulics Lab. INTRODUCTION Evaporative MTC hew Condensative MTC hcdha hcdha derived based on film-wise condensation hew derived by dimensional analysis Evaporation Theory Condensation Theory

  6. Environmental Heat and Hydraulics Lab. PRODUCTION MECHANISM OF TSS Fig. Production Principle of TSS

  7. PRIOR ART P = 3.22 kg/m2.d. Triangular solar still (Rubio-Cerda et al., 2002)

  8. PRIOR ART P = 1.8 kg/m2.d. (Wassouf et al., 2011) The material selected for the basin base was black polyvinyl chloride plastic. The selected polyvinyl chloride plastic used as a cover has a transmissivity of approximately 90% (at a thickness of 0.5 mm). The trough was made from transparent polyvinyl chloride plastic.

  9. PRIOR ART P = 3.77 kg/m2.d (Singh et al., 2011) Integrated flat plate collectors & Double Sloped Solar Still (DS-SS).

  10. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF TECHNOLOGY (Description of Process) Fabrication of TSS Frame made by pvc pipe Trough made of Perspex

  11. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF TECHNOLOGY (Description of Process) Fabrication of TSS Trough with heater Frame + Trough

  12. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF TECHNOLOGY (Description of Process) Fabrication of TSS Covering by polythene film Complete TSS

  13. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF TECHNOLOGY (Description of Process) TSS & PH-TSS • Frame • Trough • Cover Triangular Solar Still (TSS) Panel Heater-Triangular Solar Still (PH-TSS) • Solar PV system • DC heater

  14. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF TECHNOLOGY (Description of Process) TSS & PH-TSS

  15. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF TECHNOLOGY (Description of Process) PH-TSS A new type of solar distillation technique, Triangular Solar Still coupled with a solar Panel and a Heater, referred to as Panel Heater-Triangular Solar Still, PH-TSS, is designed and developed to produce pure water from saline water using renewable (solar) energy.

  16. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF TECHNOLOGY (Description of Process) PH-TSS: Working Principle The saline water absorbs heat by two ways: i) directly from solar radiation, and ii) indirectly through heater connected to solar PV system.

  17. Specification of PHTSS and TSS

  18. Fabrication cost

  19. Prior Art COMPARISON Invented Technology Integrated flat plate collectors & DS-SS PH-TSS

  20. Prior Art COMPARISON Invented Technology Integrated flat plate collectors & DS-SS PH-TSS

  21. PRIOR ART

  22. Key points of PH-TSS: 1. The fabrication material are abundant, cheap, lightweight and durable. 2. The method is simple, easy, faster and short. 3. The water productivity is higher.

  23. COMPARATIVE STATEMENT Fabrication Materials

  24. COMPARATIVE STATEMENT

  25. COMPARATIVE STATEMENT

  26. R & D FINDINGS & NOVEL TECHNOLOGY • Fabrication materials are abundant, different, lightweight, durable and cheap. • This is a faster and better technique. • The technique is simple, short and easy. There is no need of inclination and water channels. • The thermal insulation material is not required. • The daily water productivity is higher than the IDS-SS. • Consequently, it can reduce the time of fabrication and installation processes. • Industrially can be manufactured easily.

  27. R & D FINDINGS & NOVEL TECHNOLOGY

  28. R & D FINDINGS & NOVEL TECHNOLOGY

  29. R & D FINDINGS & NOVEL TECHNOLOGY PRODUCTION PH-TSS 391% > TSS PH-TSS 37% > IDS-SS Daily pure water production of PH-TSS and TSS

  30. V. Velmurugan, K.J.N. Kumar, T.N. Haq, K. Srithar. Performance analysis in stepped solar still for effluent desalination. Energy 34 (2009) 1179–1186. Wassouf, 2011 Peter Wassouf, Tom Peska, Randeep Singh ⁎, Aliakbar Akbarzadeh, Desalination 276 (2011) 294–302 Novel and low cost designs of portable solar stills

  31. R & D FINDINGS & NOVEL TECHNOLOGY Table: Water quality parameters of the product water

  32. POTENTIAL PRODUCT/ TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION(S) • The primary uses and applications of invention • It could be applied in any coastal zones and islands to remove pure water crisis. • It could be used in any remote and arid regions (e.g. Middle East), where people are struggling to get pure water. • It could be applied to remove/reduce the concentrations of arsenic, iron, chlorides & pathogens in groundwater/surface water/saline water.

  33. POTENTIAL PRODUCT/ TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION(S) • The potential application in other fields • It could be applied in Middle East, to remove salt from oilfield-produced water (oily wastewater from oilfields) to use in domestic and irrigation purposes. • It could be implemented in the case of emergency, e.g. when water supply is cut off due to natural disasters (tsunamis, tornados, hurricanes, earthquakes, landslides, etc.) or unexpected accidents.

  34. LOCAL MARKET POTENTIAL (SIZE) • Small islands in Malaysia. • Remote and coastal areas in Malaysia, specially in Sabah and Sarawak.

  35. GLOBAL MARKET POTENTIAL (SIZE) • Small islands, and remote and coastal areas in Thailand, Indonesia, Bangladesh, India and in African countries. • Arid regions and gulf countries (e.g. KSA, UAE, Oman, Yemen, Bahrain and Qatar).

  36. INTENDED MARKET (INDUSTRY / COUNTRY) • Industry of Desalination. • Coastal regions in Many countries. • Gulf countries (e.g. KSA, UAE, Oman, Yemen, Bahrain and Qatar).

  37. MARKET COMPETITION • Local Player(s) • - ProMinent Malaysia [ProMinent Fluid Controls (M) Sdn Bhd] • - MALAKOFF CORPORATION BERHAD   • - Powertek Berhad • Global Player(s) • Danfoss RO Solutions (Denmark) • Acciona Agua (formerly Pridesa) (Spain) • Acquedotto del Fiora S.p.A. (Italy) • Advanced Engineering and Environmental Services (USA) • Advanced Membrane Systems, Inc. (USA) • Akzo Nobel MPP Systems b.v. (The Netherlands) • Al Salem Chemical Services & Contracting Co. (Kuwait) • Degremont Suez S.A. (France) • Hyflux Ltd. (Singapore) • IDE Technologies Ltd. - Ambient Technologies Inc. (USA)

  38. DETAILS OF RESEARCH TEAM Name: Amimul Ahsan (Dr.) Position: S. Lecturer Qualification: PhD Experience: 7 yrs Name: Nur Syuhada bt Ahmad Position: M.Sc. Engg Student Qualification: B.Sc. Engg Experience: 2 yrs Name: Abdul Halim Ghazali (A. Prof., Dr.) Position: A. Prof. Qualification: PhD Experience: 10 yrs+

  39. SUMMARY • In the future • Product. Manufacture commercially. • Potential and application: • - It will be very a potential device for remote, coastal, arid regions/islands. • - It could be applied for distillation and to remove As, Pathogens, TDS as well.

  40. DETAILS OF R&D Title of R&D Project : Design, Fabrication and Implementation of High Efficiency Panel Heater-Triangular Solar Still Cost of R&D : RM 30,000 Source of Financing for R&D : RUGS, UPM Date of Commencement : 10.12.2010 Date of Completion : 9.12.2012

  41. Thanks

  42. RESEARCH AREA

  43. PUBLICATION

  44. PUBLICATION DESALINATION SOLAR ENERGY APPLIED ENERGY International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer Resources, Conservation and Recycling Desalination and Water Treatment Natural Hazards Arabian Journal of Chemistry International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A Journal of Hydroscience and Hydraulic Engineering

  45. AWARDS Sultan Selangor Sultan Sharafuddin Idris Shah conferred “Vice Chancellor Fellowship Award” in 2015 (Category: Young Researcher; Cluster: Science and Technology) http://www.mstar.com.my/berita/berita-semasa/2015/05/14/sultan-selangor-anugerah/ http://www.eng.upm.edu.my/dokumen/FKJUR1_amimul_fellowship.pdf

  46. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS A/PROF. ATAUR RAHMAN, UWS UWS ADMINISTRATORS DR. MAHMUD, UWS UPM FOR FUND AND SUPPORT 50

  47. Thanks 51

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