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Sex Cells and Fertilisation in Mammals and Flowering Plants

Learn about the sex cells and fertilisation process in mammals and flowering plants. Understand the production of eggs and sperm in mammals and pollen and ovules in flowering plants. Explore the journey of these cells and how they fuse to form a zygote. Discover the importance of fertilisation and the variety of offspring produced through sexual reproduction.

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Sex Cells and Fertilisation in Mammals and Flowering Plants

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  1. UNIT 2 Environmental Biology And Genetics Part B

  2. SEX CELLS & FERTILISATION The sex cells or gametes in mammals are:- eggs and sperm. • Eggs are produced in the ovaries • Sperm are produced in the testes.

  3. FEMALE BITS OVIDUCT UTERUS OVARY VAGINA

  4. MALE BITS URETHRA SPERM DUCT PENIS TESTIS

  5. The Story The female gametes are the _____ which are produced by the _____________. Eggs are released from the ovaries and travel along the ____________, tubes leading to the uterus. The ____________ is the tube in which sperm are deposited during sexual intercourse. WORDBANKovaries eggs oviducts vagina

  6. WORDBANKurethra penis sperm duct testes The male gametes are sperm, which are produced in the ________. The sperm travel from the testes along the _______ _______. These are long tubes which join with the tube coming from the bladder. The final journey of the sperm is along the _________, the tube leading from the bladder out of the ________.

  7. Fertilisation • Sperm and eggs both contain a nucleus. • Fertilisation is when these 2 nuclei fuse together to form a zygote (a fertilised egg cell) • A zygote contains the genetic information from both parents • Fertilisation is a random process

  8. EGG Fertilisation occurs in the oviduct. SPERM

  9. SEX CELLS & FERTILISATION The sex cells or gametes in flowering plants are found in:- pollen and ovules. • Pollen is produced by the anther. Pollen contains the male gamete • Ovules are produced by the ovary which contains the female gamete.

  10. PETALS (ANTHER) STAMEN STIGMA (FILAMENT) OVARY OVULE SEPAL NECTARY

  11. FERTILISATION IN FLOWERING PLANTS Pollination • A pollen grain lands and becomes attached to the stigma. The pollen grain bursts open and then starts to growa pollen tube which grows towards the ovule

  12. Diagram showing the growth of the pollen tube down to the ovary and into an ovule. GROWTH OF POLLEN TUBE

  13. FERTILISATION • The nucleus of the male sex cell in the pollen fuses with the nucleus of the female sex cell in the ovule. • This is called FERTILISATION MALE & FEMALE NUCLEI FUSE A ZYGOTE IS FORMED

  14. When the male and female nuclei fuse together a zygote is formed which contains the genetic information of both parent plants.

  15. Variety in Plant Offspring Pollen grains from different parent plants may land on a stigma of a flower. The different male gamete nuclei fuse with different female gamete nuclei in the ovary. Zygotes are all genetically different. Offspring produced by sexual reproduction show a great variety.

  16. Stick in the fertilisation grid – 1,2,3,4 represent different male gamete nuclei. A, B, C ,D represent different female gamete nuclei. Fill in the table to show all the combinations possible. (You should end up with 16 different zygotes)

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