System Design

1. System Analysis and Design System Design - Mr. Ahmad Al-Ghoul

2. Learning Objectives • Understand the objectives for effective output design. • Discuss output design issues and various types of output • Discuss factors that must be considered when choosing an output type System Analysis and Design System Design

3. Introduction • Output is information delivered to users through the information system • Output can take many forms: the traditional hard copy of printed reports, and soft copy such as computer screens • Useful output is essential to ensuring the use and acceptance of information system System Analysis and Design System Design

4. Output design objectives • Output should be designed to • Serve the intended purpose • It is not enough to make a report, screen, or web page available to users, you must find out and specify what purposes must be served • Output designed based on those purposes • Designing output to fit the user • With a large information system serving many users for many different purposes, it is difficult to personalize output • During fact-finding, it will be possible to determine which output users need and prefer • Deliver the right quantity of output • More is not better • The system must provide what each person needs to complete his or her work System Analysis and Design System Design

5. Output design objectives • Output should be designed to • Make sure the output is where it is needed • Output is often produced at one location, and then distributed to the user • To be used and useful, output must be presented to the right user • No matter how well designed reports are, if they are not seen by the suitable user, they have no value • Provide output on time • Time play a large part in how useful output will be to decision makes • Many reports are required on a daily basis, some only monthly, others yearly, and others only by exceptions • Choose the right output method • Output can take many forms • You need to recognize the trade-offs involved in choosing an output method • Output methods affect, flexibility, durability, distribution, storage and retrieval possibilities • The choice of output methods is not trivial System Analysis and Design System Design

6. Output Design • Before designing output, ask yourself several questions: • What is the purpose of the output? • Who wants the information, why it is it needed, and how will it be used? • What specific information will be included? • Will the output be printed, viewed on-screen, or both? • When will the information be provided, and how often must it be updated? • Do security or confidentiality issues exist? • Your answers will affect your output design strategies • Some of the information needed to answer the questions was gathered during the system analysis phase • To complete your answers, you should meet with users to find out exactly what kind of output is needed System Analysis and Design System Design

7. Output Design • Types of Output • Most system output is printed in reports or displayed on screens • New technologies has had an enormous impact on how people communicate and obtain information • In the systems design phase, you must design the actual reports, screen forms, and other output delivery methods System Analysis and Design System Design

8. Output Design • Types of Output • Internet-based information delivery • Web designers must provide user friendly screen interfaces that display output and accept input from customers • Customers visiting the company site can see outputs like list of items, prices, and product availability • Anther example of Web-based output is a system that provides customized responses to product or technical questions • E-mail: E-mail has become an essential means of internal and external business communication • Companies use e-mail to send new product information to customers, and financial services use e-mail messages to confirm online stock trades • Employees use e-mail to exchange documents, data, and schedules and to share business-related information they need to perform their jobs • Audio • Firms use automated systems to handle voice transactions and provide information to customers System Analysis and Design System Design

9. Output Design • Types of Output • Automated facsimile systems • Firms use automated facsimile, or called Faxback systems, to allow a customer to request a fax using e-mail, via the company web site, or by telephone • Requesting might be technical updates, information on new device drivers, or product assistance • Computer output microfilm (COM): records the images on a roll of film, microfiche records images using small sheet of film • Microfilm, microfiche, capture an image of document and produce film output • Users can retrieve, view, and print the images • Computer output to laser disk (COLD): anther way to store images of paper documents • Paper is scanned, and the digital image is stored on a high-density laser disk medium System Analysis and Design System Design

10. Output Design Issues • Specialized Forms of Output • An incredibly diverse marketplace requires a variety of specialized output • Examples: • Automatic teller machine (ATM) that process bank transactions • Special-purpose printers that produce labels, photos, and lottery tickets • Plotters that produce high-quality images such as maps • Output from one system often becomes input into another system • Although digital technology has opened new horizons in business communications, printed output still is the most common type of output System Analysis and Design System Design

11. Output Design • Types of Output • Types of output differ in their • Speed • Cost • Portability • Flexibility • Storage and retrieval possibilities System Analysis and Design System Design

12. Output Design • Factors that must be considered when choosing an output type are • Who will use the output? • Job requirements help dictate what output method is appropriate • How many people need the output? • If many people need the output Web-based documents are suitable • If one user need the output, screen, or audio may be more suitable • Where is the output needed? • Information that will remain close to its point of origin that will be used by few users, can be printed • An abundance of information that must be transmitted to users at great distance may be better distributed electronically • What is the purpose of the output? • If the output is intended to be a report created to attract shareholders to the business , printed output is desirable • What is the speed with which output is needed? • Operations management need output rapidly so that they can quickly adjust to events, online screen output may be suitable here System Analysis and Design System Design

13. Output Design • Factors that must be considered when choosing an output type are • How frequently will the output be accessed? • Infrequently accessed output that is needed by only a few users is well suited to microfilms • How long will the output be stored? • Printed or paper output influence by time • Microfilms is not influence by environmental effects such as light, humidity, and human handling • Under what special regulations is the output produced, stored, and distributed? • The appropriate format for some output is regulated by the government • What are the initial and ongoing costs of maintenance and supplies? • The initial costs of purchasing or leasing equipment must be considered as yet anther factor that enters into the choice of output type System Analysis and Design System Design

14. Sequence Summary • Output is any useful information or data delivered by the information system or decision support system to the user • Output can take virtually any form, including print, display, Internet-based information delivery, e-mail, audio, automated facsimile systems, Computer output to laser disk, and microfilms • The systems analyst has six major objectives in designing output. They are to design output to serve the intended purpose, to fit the user, to deliver the right quantity of output, to deliver it to the right place, to provide output on time, and to choose the right output method • Output technologies also differ in their speed, cost, portability, flexibility, and storage and retrieval possibilities • All the pervious factors must be considered when deciding among print, display, audio, electronic, or Internet based output, or a combination of these System Analysis and Design System Design

15. Sequence Summary • In this Sequence we have • Defined the term system output • Explained the six major objectives for effective output design. • Described and distinguished between the various types of output • Explained the factors that must be considered when choosing an output type are. System Analysis and Design System Design

16. Reference [1] System Analysis and Design, Sixth Edition Authors: Gary B. Shelly, Thomas J. Cashman and Harry J. Rosenblatt , Publisher: SHELLY CASHMAN SEWIES. [2] system analysis and design, sixth edition Authors: Kenneth E. Kendall and Julie E. Kendall Publisher: Prentice Hall System Analysis and Design System Design