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Effective Experimental Design for Ecology and Environmental Science

Topics for Free Response Question For Ch. 3

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Effective Experimental Design for Ecology and Environmental Science

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    1. Effective Experimental Design for Ecology and Environmental Science

    2. Topics for Free Response Question For Ch. 3 & 4 APES Test r-strategists for reproduction K-strategists for reproduction Graph interpretation Food web sketch Experimental design IPM – Integrated pest management

    3. Must haves… Must have a hypothesis to address a question, a problem, a cause and effect Must have measurements and keep records of data (a count, a weight, a time, a percent, etc) Must be done over a reasonable amount of time (usually not a few days or months, often needs a year or more, one full cycle or stage of life is necessary) Must use a control group (one with the tested variable held constant, or one with the absence of the variable to be tested)

    4. Hypothesis An actual prediction, educated guess, not just restating a question Must specify the direction and/or type of change, not just that a change will happen Could be the null hypothesis: there is no relationship, no cause and effect, e.g. the number of tomato worms in a garden will have no impact on the number of tomatoes produced…

    5. Experimental Type Need at least two sites, one with tested variable (experimental site) and one without (control site) A variable is manipulated (either natural or in a lab) and consequences are observed

    6. Observational Type Student is NOT manipulating a variable Student makes long term measurements and statistical analysis to determine IF there is any significant correlation between variables or poplulations Often an experimental site can be compared to a “baseline site”, but two sites are not needed

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