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Literature Review

Literature Review. What to include. Research Process. Begins with a question Gather a bibliography Literature review Narrow your question Design methodology Gather data Draw conclusions. Literature Review. Included in all research Logic behind your research

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Literature Review

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  1. Literature Review What to include

  2. Research Process • Begins with a question • Gather a bibliography • Literature review • Narrow your question • Design methodology • Gather data • Draw conclusions

  3. Literature Review • Included in all research • Logic behind your research • Describes previous documents/research • Culminates in a formal statement of research question(s)

  4. Clarity of Lit Review • Do I understand what you are saying? • Have you clearly articulated the area of research you are interested in? • Have you demonstrated an understanding of previous research?

  5. Organization of ideas • Does your review follow a logical train of thought? • Does NOT have to be chronological! • Does Have to tie together!

  6. Grammatically Correct • Are full sentences used? • Is there subject / verb agreement? • Appropriate transitions? • Correct spelling?

  7. Research Question(s) • Last part of lit review. • Is in SUCCINCT? • Does it adequately relate to literature review?

  8. Example • Do individuals high in different types of empathy (i.e.empathic concern and emotional contagion) choose different strategies to dissolve relationships?

  9. Example • What are the common themes that emerge as meaningful within the construction of fraternity drinking stories?

  10. Youth Groups • How do youths communicate about the loss of a peer? • What strategies are used by counselors to help youths cope with the loss of a peer? • How does a group memorialize members who have recently died? • How is social support communicated to a youth group in a crisis?

  11. Lit Review Format (APA) • Costa(1999) stated that … • The study of relationships is futile (Bocek, 2007). • Dangelewicz(2006) stated “multivariate relationships are the easiest to research” (p.69). • “multivariate relationships are the easiest to research” (Reed,2002 p. 69).

  12. Rule for APA Style • If you use a quote, you MUST have • Author • Date • Page #

  13. Format (APA) • Moreover, Carter(1999) stated that … • Similarly, the study of relationships is futile (Bradner, 2000). • However, Green(2002) stated “multivariate relationships are the easiest to research” (p.69). • Therefore, “multivariate relationships are the easiest to research” (Lair,2002 p. 69).

  14. Block Quotes • A quote of 40 words or more follows the following rule: • Smith( 2004) stated uoah hdupuh duao dufhaou aouha ouha hdah dufha;d asdhao[ r[y h ahaljh a ah a ajha alh ajh a;df adf hjajh jdha;kj hdjka jdha; jdh akjd’a nbx,nmx xb,xnb,x xn,xb, x,mvnb vnb (p.203) • Indented and single spaced

  15. More than two authors • Six authors: ( 1st time you cite authors) • Mokdad, Bowman, Vinicor, F., Marks,& Koplan, (2001) claimed that The continuing epidemics of obesity and diabetes in the U.S. is dramatic. • After 1st time (Mokdad et al., 2001).

  16. Example • Hookups are defined as a sexual encounter between two people who are brief acquaintances or strangers, usually lasting only one night without the expectation of developing a relationship (Hermann, Webb, & Lum, 2006).

  17. Example • Hermann, Webb, & Lum(2006) defined hookups as a sexual encounter between two people who are brief acquaintances or strangers, usually lasting only one night without the expectation of developing a relationship.

  18. Example (2 authors) • An increasing number of college students engage in multiple relational and extra-relational sexual experiences (Duguay & Byrne, 1994; Niccolls & Mercadante, 1985)

  19. Example (2 authors) • Duguay & Byrne (1994) and Niccolls & Mercadante (1985) found that an increasing number of college students engage in multiple relational and extra-relational sexual experiences.

  20. Example (3 authors) • Contemporary college students use the term “hookup” to refer to casual sexual phenomenon common on college campuses today ( Paul, McManus, & Hayes, 2000; Rodberg, 1999).

  21. Example (3 authors)2nd time citedp. 640 1st paragraph, 10 • A hookup herein as a sexual encounter (that may or may not involve sexual intercourse) between two people who are brief acquaintances or strangers, usually lasting only one night without the expectation of developing a relationship (Paul et al., 2000).

  22. Example (3 authors)2nd time citedp. 640 1st paragraph, 10 • ).

  23. Title in the lit review? Burgoon and Alexandra Hendrik’s article “The Relationship between Fashion Magazine Consumption and Body Satisfaction in Women: Who is most at risk of influence,” individuals have some type of controlled set of thoughts and feelings about their selves, called the “self- concept.” The self concept develops when individuals need to distinguish themselves from others and create unique characteristics and traits that evolves through social experiences and comparisons (Burgoon, Michael and Hendriks, Alexandra).

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