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The use of situation testing as evidence in legal proceedings. Marton Udvari Legal Defence Bureau for National and Ethnic Minorities (NEKI). History of testing in Hungary . First used in 1997 by NEKI in the field of discrimination in access to goods and services
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The use of situation testing as evidence in legal proceedings Marton Udvari Legal Defence Bureau for National and Ethnic Minorities (NEKI)
History of testing in Hungary • First used in 1997 by NEKI in the field of discrimination in access to goods and services • Testing is applied by other NGOs and in other fields (employment discrimination, school segregation) • The Equal Treatment Authority is vested with the right to conduct testing (2005)
The aim of testing • Revealing discrimination • Proving discrimination
Methodology I. Testing is carried out • in person or • via telephone
Methodology II. • Testers should be unbiased, neutral, and calm • Testers should refrain from provocation • Questionnaires should be used as supporting documents • Background investigation is essential • Training for testers is highly recommended
Fields NEKI is using discrimination in • Employment discrimination • Discrimination in access to goods and services
Testing in legal procedures Testing is used in connection with • The actual case of discrimination (testers are plaintiffs/applicants; testing is direct proof) • Discriminatory practice (testers are witnesses, testing is indirect, supporting evidence)