Science Team Member Summaries

1. Science Team Member Summaries

2. IceBridge Observations of Fast Glaciers of the Polar Ice Sheets Kenneth Jezek, Science Team MemberByrd Polar Research CenterThe Ohio State Universityjezek.1@osu.edu614 292 7973 Dana Floricioiu, Proposal Partner German Aerospace Center Remote Sensing Technology Institute Tel: +49 8153 28 1763 dana.floricioiu@dlr.de Project Responsibilities Year 1: Science Team lead for ice sheets Update Science requirements contribution to science plan Develop calibration Validation plans Oversee flight planning for Greenland and Antarctica Foster discussion about hypothesis driven missions Year 2 Science Team Member Evaluate options for moving from nadir ice sounding measurements to swath measurements of ice thickness and basal reflectivity. Radar data validation Contribute to flight planning Year 3 Science Team Member Radar data validation Contribute to flight planning Assist with an evaluation of Icebridge progress in fulfilling science requirements Research Goals with DLR Year 1 Investigate TSX and R2 polarimetric applications to ice sheet surface properties Begin using TSX velocities to compute mass fluxes from Antarctic outlet glaciers. Year 2 Combine IceBridge topography and thickness data with TSX velocities to identify the important stresses controlling outlet glacier flow Year 3 Conclude measurements of outlet glacier stress patterns and determine what insight these provide for future ice sheet behavior

3. Optimizing Airborne Observations of Sea Ice Thickness and Snow Depth through the Integration of Additional Data SetsJackie Richter-Menge and Thorsten Markus • Goal : Optimize IceBridge sea ice results by leveraging other • national and international activities and assets • Specific objectives: • Identify potential cal/val opportunities • Interface with in-situ data collection efforts to: • i) Optimize types of variables collected and the data management • ii) Optimize measurement strategies addressing differences • in spatial and temporal scales • Sea Ice Team Leader: • Oversee team efforts to provide expert scientific guidance in areas of flight line planning, measurement strategies, data quality control, and data product development • Update IceBridge Level 1 requirements (complete by 12/2010) • Consider operational (versus climatological) applications

4. R. Kwok – IceBridge Science Team Member • Service as a member of the IceBridge Science Team (IST) member • Specifically, as a science team member, I will provide scientific input to the IceBridge project in the areas of flight line planning, measurement strategies, data quality control, and data product development. I will contribute to: • the development of the IceBridge Science Definition Document and Level-1 Scientific Requirements Document; • the evaluation of the IceBridge mission designs in achieving the goals defined by the Science Definition Document and Level-1 Scientific Requirements Document; and • support to the IceBridge Program Scientist and Project Scientist in the development of the required analyses, documentation, and reporting during the IceBridge mission. • Utilizing the IceBridge data for sea ice investigations • With the over-arching goal of establishing, extending, and linking the ICESat-I sea ice thickness estimates through the CryoSat-2 mission to the launch of ICESat-II (~2015), I plan to use the IceBridge data for the following purposes: • Compare/cross-calibrate the ICESat-I freeboard and thickness data with the IceBridge estimates acquired during the Spring of 2009. • Assess the use of IceBridge flight lines for estimates of the changes in the Arctic Ocean ice cover in the absence of basin-scale coverage. • Examine the use of the snow depth radar for providing estimates of snow depth and snow loading along co-incident lidar and radar flight lines. • Explore the utility of the IceBridge acquisitions for characterization of the Southern Ocean ice cover. Ron Kwok Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology 4800 Oak Grove Dr Pasadena, CA 91109 email: ron.kwok@jpl.nasa.gov Ph: 818 354-5614 Cell: 818 359-48

5. Investigation of optimal flight lines for bedrock sampling Sophie Nowicki NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Code 614.1, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771. E: sophie.nowicki @ nasa.gov Tel: 301.614.5458 Specific objectives are to investigate with a full Stokes model: • what matters?Assess the influence of variations in basal topography and slipperiness on ice flow. • how well? Assess the spatial sampling required to capture the bedrock information. Goal: Investigate the type of bedrock features that IceBridge measurements should aim to capture for ice sheet models. As a science team member, I will also interface with the ice sheet modeling community (ex: SeaRISE group) and CryoSat2 group.

6. Ron Lindsay, sea ice teamPolar Science Center Applied Physics Laboratory University of Washington Planned contributions to the team include: Help with flight line planning, data evaluation, snow depth measurements, and data formatting and distribution recommendations. Use model simulations to evaluate the ability of specific flight lines to answer specific science questions and evaluate their potential to improve sea ice predictions. Add IceBridge sea ice thickness data to the new Unified Sea Ice Thickness Climate Data Record (psc.apl.uw.edu/sea_ice_cdr) so it is readily available alongside submarine, moored, ICESat-1and other airborne measurements. Use all the ice thickness data, including those from IceBridge, to form a calibrated ice thickness data record that is complete in time and space, effectively interpolating the sparse observations to all locations within the Arctic ocean.

7. PI: Dave McAdoo Co-I: Laurence N. Connor, Collaborators: S.L. Farrell, P. Clemente-Colon Science Focus: IceBridge can augment the exploitation of ICESat and Envisat and now the nascent Cryosat-2 time series of sea ice freeboard observations to better estimate ice structure and thickness in the Arctic Ocean and in the Antarctic. IceBridge will enhance the utility of synoptic mappings of Arctic sea ice observations provided now and in the near future by Envisat and CryoSat-2, and in the recent past by ICESat. IceBridge Observations of Sea Ice Thickness, Structure, and Volume Change: Bringing a NOAA Viewpoint Strategy Specifics: (1) Continue annual repeat series of Enivsat RA-2 IceBridge underflight lines that began in 2006 in the eastern Canada Basin [Figure A] (2) Build annual repeat time series of CryoSat-2 underflights which began with IceBridge observations of April 20, 2010 [Figure B] (3) Maintain annual repeat series similar to (1) and (2) above along ICESat-1 line in the Canada Basin (northern Beaufort Gyre region) (4) Reprocess IceBridge Sanders gravity in (1), (2) and (3) above to extract along-track geoid slopes. Estimate along-track meso-scale (15 to 300km wavelength) variations in sea surface topography jointly with along-track ice freeboard fluctuations. Figure A Figure B

8. Eric Rignot, Department of Earth System Science,University of California, Irvine Goals as a member of the Science Team: Provide expertise in ice motion mapping, mass budget estimation, low-frequency radio echo sounding, NASA/CECS and PARCA deployments, and numerical modeling of ice-ocean interactions and ice sheet flow to define the IceBridge Science Definition and Scientific Requirement Documents, help prioritize regions to be surveyed and detailed flight tracks, instrument combination, and density of observations that will provide the highest science return per cost and highest gain in knowledge versus past knowledge. • Applications: We will support the IceBridge Program Scientist and Project Scientist to document improved scientific understanding of ice sheets as a result of IceBridge data, with a focus on 3 areas: • Improved determination of perimeter ice fluxes into the ocean in Greenland and Antarctica for mass balance assessment; • Improved characterization of ice-ocean interactions (sub-acqueous melt rates) in Greenland and Antarctica; • improved understanding of rapid changes in ice dynamics in critical sectors, e.g. northwest Greenland, Jakobshavn, Northern Peninsula and Pine Island Bay.

9. S.B. Luthcke OIB Research Responsibility • Develop and provide local, tailored GRACE hi-res mascon solutions to support OIB mission planning and data analyses efforts. • Advance ICESat-1 observations of ice sheet evolution through improved accuracy and error characterization. Use OIB observations directly and in combination with rigorous simulations to improve ICESat-1. • Data corrections (e.g. pointing and ranging biases) • Measurement modeling and observation algorithms (e.g. improved repeat track and xovers) • dh/dt estimation algorithms (e.g. Optimal Anisotropic Non-Symmetric Filters using improved signal and noise covariance). • Estimates of systematic and sampling errors. • Combination solutions with other data such as GRACE. • Fully characterize the performance of future spaceborne instruments, and refine and optimize designs and data reduction algorithms. • Specifically targeted at ICESat-2 and DESDynI-Lidar • Use OIB observations to develop detailed measurement models and simulations. • Fully characterize and quantify error sources to focus mission design and development on those areas of importance and to significantly improve mission trade space assessment. • Further develop and refine observation and solution estimation algorithms. • Leverage the analyses and results from above to develop the methods and algorithms, and the observational data to support the inter-calibration of ICESat-1, ICESat-2 and DESDynI-Lidar. • Finally, what can OIB and future airborne missions do for GRACE, GRACE-FO (validation when using tailored hi-res mascon solutions), and GRACE-II which promises much higher spatial resolution and accuracy?

11. Goals: -Integrate ICESat-1 and Icebridge data to improve models of spatial and temporal ice sheet surface variability -Establish datasets for ICESat-2 data modeling -Monitor changes in outlet-glacier discharge and force balance -Analyze Icebridge data collected under cloudy conditions in preparation for Icebridge- ICESat-2 comparison and cross-calibration ICESat-2 development makes extensive use of ad-hoc ice sheet surface models. By investigating elevation changes as revealed by ICESat-1 – Icebridge data comparisons I will help make these models more realistic, and will help to identify areas where Icebridge data can be particularly helpful in constraining ice sheet changes. I will also, on an opportunistic basis, analyze airborne laser altimetry data collected by Icebridge under cloudy conditions, as a precursor to future work calibrating ICESat-2 data collected through clouds. Altimetry data analysis in support of NASA’s IceBridge program. Ben Smith University of Washington APL polar science center bsmith @ apl . washington . edu 206 788 5374

12. Observation strategies for identifying the dynamic potential of major ice sheets Duncan A. Young University of Texas Institute for Geophysics Jackson School of Geosciences. Email: duncan@ig.utexas.edu Tel: 512.471.0485 The goal is to identify and characterize, using radar, altimetry, and potential fields data, grounded ice that is susceptible to dynamic change and has the capacity for significant ice flux: -adjacent to sensitive/changing ice shelves -marine ice sheet instabilities -potential reorganization of subglacial hydrology (and thus basal conditions) A second goal evaluate the leverage of photon counting lidar data. I also provide a science team interface with the international ICECAP and ICEGRAV projects, focused on East Antarctica, Siple Coast, and Greenland.

13. Jacobshaven Block et al Larsen C Cochran et al Robin E. Bell Role on OIB Science Team Contribute to Science Definition and Flight Line Planning Evaluate impacts the IceBridge Gravity based bathymetry estimates on ice sheet and ocean models. Evaluate IceBridge data to identify the distribution of subglacial water and basal freezing using residual brightness and basal stratigraphy Twaites Tinto et al

14. Regional Sensitivity AnalysisEric Larour • ISSM sensitivity analysis of grounding line velocity to input parameters thickness a) and basal drag b) on Pine Island Glacier. • Can be used to constrain flight plan generation -> indicates where to measure for a certain metric (mass flux? maximum velocity?) a b ISSM – IGARSS 2010

15. Bea CsathoPlanned IceBridge Team Member Activity Contributions to OIB: • Determining the evolving topography of Greenland and Antarctic Ice Sheets, a collaboration with NSIDC (T. Scambos and B. Raup) • Generation of baseline DEMs from altimetry data, photoclinometry and stereo imagery • Deriving dh/dt data sets from fused altimetry data sets and creating evolving multiresolution DEMs, updated once or twice every year, by using Surface Elevation Reconstruction And Change detection (SERAC) software (Schenk/Csatho) and NSIDC software (being developed) • Geostatistical and wavelet analysis of elevation and dh/dt data to derive surface characteristics, characterize errors and uncertainties. • Improved calibration of satellite derived temperature data of Greenland and Antarctica (MODIS, AVHRR), collaboration with J. Comiso (NASA/GSFC), contribution to determination of firn compaction and surface mass balance to facilitate the interpretation of ice sheet elevation changes • Digital Stereo Mapping (DSM) for IceBridge, including error characterization of DSM data from 2009 Antarctic IceBridge mission, fusion of altimetry and stereo data and design of a convergent camera system for high altitude mapping (“LVIS gapfiller”) Utilizing OIB data for my research: • Detailed studies of key Greenland outlet glaciers, collaboration with J. Briner (UB), C.J. van der Veen and L. Stearns (U. of Kansas) and J. Johnson (U. Montana), K. Kjaer (U. of Copenhagen) and A. Khan (Danish Space Research) • Creation of long-term records from from exposure dating, glacial geology, historical observations, GPS and combine them with airborne and satellite observations (ICESat, ATM, ASTER, etc.) from the last decades • Force balance studies for estimating driving stresses and their evolution • Comparison of observations (elevation and velocity changes, etc.,) with model outputs, e.g., from Comsol multiphysics, Community Ice Sheet Model (CISM) to understand processes and predict future behavior UB Team: B. Csatho (OIB Team member), T. Schenk (Research Professor), S. Nagarajan (postdoc), G. Babonis (PhD student, NASA, ESSF), S. Rezvan-Behbahani (MS Student)