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“The Sniper”. Literary Devices. Characterization: Direct & Indirect. Characterization is the method a writer uses to develop a character. Direct Characterization TELLS the audience what the personality of the character is.
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“The Sniper” Literary Devices
Characterization: Direct & Indirect • Characterization is the method a writer uses to develop a character. • Direct Characterization TELLS the audience what the personality of the character is. • Indirect Characterization SHOWS the audience the personality of the character. This may include the character’s: • Speech: What does the character say? How does the character speak? • Thoughts: What is revealed through the character’s private thoughts and feelings? • Effect on others: What is revealed through the character’s effect on other people? How do other characters feel or behave in reaction to the character? • Actions: What does the character do? How does the character behave? • Looks: What does the character look like? How does the character dress?
Types of Characters • Dynamic-show some sort of significant change in personality or outlook during the story • Static-remains constant throughout the story • Flat-have one or two traits; often stereotypes • Round-complex characters; more like “real” people
Theme • Main idea in a work of literature • Message about life or human nature that the writer shares with the reader • It is not stated directly, but must be inferred • May tell a person how to live
Imagery • the use of words and phrases that appeal to the five senses. • Writers use sensory details to help readers imagine how things look, feel, smell, sound, and taste. • Ex: Each tiny snowflake fluttered down from the majestic clouds above and gently landed on the cold ground. The frost covered the corners of the windows. It was lacy like a spiderweb. Another winter day full of bright white snow and puffy coats had begun.
Foreshadowing • Hints or clues, given by the author, of what may happen later in the plot • Creates tension • Raises curiosity • Ask yourself these questions to recognize and understand foreshadowing:*Are there phrases about the future? *Is there a change happening in the weather, the setting, or the mood? *Are there objects or scenic elements that suggest something happy, sad, dangerous, exciting, etc.? *Do characters or the narrator observe something in the background that might be a hint about something to come later?
Setting • The time and place in which the story occurs. • Settings include the background, atmosphere or environment in which characters live and move, and usually include physical characteristics of the surroundings. • Settings enable the reader to better envision how a story unfolds by relating necessary physical details of a piece of literature.