SSE – 110 Introduction to Social Welfare and Social Work

1. SSE – 110Introduction to Social Welfare and Social Work Chapter 16 Physical and Mental Disabilities and Rehab

2. History of Rehabilitation Practices • There are an estimated 60 million people with a disability in the U.S. • Attitudes towards the disabled have ranged from being perceived as being possessed by demons to viewing them as saint-like, with the community having a responsibility to care for them. • The Elizabethan Poor Law of 1601. • During colonial time a disability was seen as a result of God’s punishment. • In the 19th century gradual recognition was given to the needs of people with a disability in the U.S.

3. History of Rehabilitation Practices • Thomas Gallaudet opened the first school for deaf in 1817 in Hartford Connecticut. • In 1832 the first school for the blind was opened in Massachusetts. • The first university for the deaf opened in Washington, D.C. • The first sheltered workshop opened in 1850 in Massachusetts. • In the last half of the 19th century the orientation switched from education of those with cognitive disabilities to custodial care (due to Darwinism).

4. History of Rehabilitation Practices • The first hospital opened in Williamsburg, Virginia in the 1850’s. • In 1917, the Federal Government passed the Smith-Hughes Act – made federal monies available for Vocational Education. • In 1935 the Social Security Act was passed. • In 1943, the Barden-La Follett Act extended rehab services to the mentally ill. • During the 1950’s and 1960’s people with physical disabilities began to speak out. • In 1973 the Congress passed the Vocational Rehab Act. • In 1990 the Congress passed the American with Disabilities Act.

5. Developmental Disabilities • See page 513 for a definition. • Autism • Cognitive disability – see table 16.1 – page 514. • Causes of cognitive disability – see page 515 – 517.

6. Society’s Reaction to Disabilities • Our society places a high value on having a beautiful body. • As a society we make people with disabilities feel inferior. • We sometimes assume that a person with one disability has other disabilities. • We are all just one accident away from being disabled.

7. Current Services • Rehabilitation centers 1. Vocational evaluation 2. Sheltered employment 3. Work adjustment programs 4. Counseling services 5. Placement services 6. Respite Care 7. Support Groups for Caregivers 8. Recreational Programs • Educational programs • Residential services 1. Group homes, halfway houses and nursing. 2. Residential treatment centers.

8. Current Services • Day care centers • Hospital services • Home services 1. Meals on Wheels 2. Home Health Services 3. Homemaker Services • Federal and state assistance programs 1. Vocational Rehabilitation Funding 2. Medicaid 3. Old age survivor / disability, etc. 4. SSI 5. Foodstamps 6. Worker’s Compensation Programs

9. Roles of Social Workers • Counseling clients • Counseling families • Taking social histories • Serving as a case manager • Serving as Liaison between the family and the agency. • Being a broker • Doing discharge planning.

10. Empowering Consumers of Services • Normalization • Maximize Self-Determination • Innovation • Facilitate and Enhance Family Support