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MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. Science, Technology and Innovation Indicators: Trends and Challenges in South Eastern Europe Edmond Agolli, MoES Salvatore Bushati, ASA 2-3 October 2008, Belgrade. R&D Management Framework and Network of Institutions.

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MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE

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  1. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE Science, Technology and Innovation Indicators: Trends and Challenges in South Eastern Europe Edmond Agolli, MoES Salvatore Bushati, ASA 2-3 October 2008, Belgrade

  2. R&D Management Framework and Network of Institutions COUNCIL OF MINISTERS Ministry of Education and Science Council of Higher Education and Science Scientific Research Directorate Academy of Sciences MoES Community RC RI Universities RI RC NGO RI RC RI-Research Institutes RC- Research Centers

  3. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE

  4. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE LEGAL FRAMEWORK Law on Science and Technological Development - Law on Higher Education Law of Academy of Science - GovernmentalDecisions - Ministerial Regulations - CHES Decisions

  5. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE F I N A N C I N G • Direct State Budget • National Programs through MOES • International Programmes and Projects • Others

  6. Ministry of Education and Science MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE • The main governmental body responsible for the R&D activities • Responsible for the National Programmes including financing • Main consultant to the Government for the development policy • Main information point for the community • Responsible for the bilateral agreements • Support for different activities and actions

  7. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE National Programmes on Priority Areas • Describe the main development objectives • Prepared by Groups of experts • Approved by CSPTD • Implemented through projects (standard procedures) • MOES is responsible for implementation and financing

  8. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE Academy of Science of Albania continues • performs studies and research of theoretical and practical character in different domains of albanologic, social, natural and technical sciences • assists in discovering new domains of studies and research • provides suggestions and necessary expertise to the higher government institutions in resolving problems considered as important for the country development • promotes and encourages the active participation of associations, scientific foundations and outer collaborators in scientific activity

  9. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE Academy of Science of Albania • programs, plans and endorses their activity in maintaining and acquiring scientific awards and prizes. • disseminations the scientific product to the end users, public and non public , to contribute to the sustainability development of the country • cooperation in the different programs with the other academies • provide the Annual Report ASA is a important institution partner of MoES

  10. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE R&D Management Framework and Network of Institutions MAIN PROBLEMS continues • CSPTD was unable to play its role, because of its composition Is replaced by CHES • Limited competences and insufficient supporting infrastructure • Very dispersed system with small units • Inability of RI to adopt their development according to the new realty • Low R&D activity in Universities • Lack of standards of quality • Low collaboration and co-operation between different units

  11. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE MAIN PROBLEMS • Brain drain • Old equipment and lack of the basic infrastructure • Lack of information on the respective communities in other countries • Very low international integration • High and unnecessary number of Universities and Institutes

  12. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE Actions for changing continues • Reorganisation: • Less RI, with clear objectives to fit the country development needs • Integration of Higher Education with Research • Adoption of better management framework • Introduction of standards • Introduction of Research indicators (OECD) • Well-defined procedures for application for financing • Accreditation of Universities

  13. ACADEMY OF SCIENCES ASA Assembly ASA Chairmanship Executive Council Section of Social Science Section of Natural and Technical Sciences Unit of RTD Projects General Sector Office of Foreign Relations Scientific Library Publishing Office Institute of Linguistics and Literature Institute of Folc Culture Institute of Hydrometeorology Institute of Nuclear Physic Institute of Archaeology Center of Albanian Encyclopedia Institute of Seismology Institute of Informatics and Applied Mathematics Institute of History Institute of Economy Center for Geographical Studies Institute of Biological Research Center of Art Studies Center for Hydraulic Research MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE

  14. Thus, all of the institutes of social and Albanological sciences created the Center of Social and Albanological Studies, which stands at a inter-university level; • with the Institute of Informatics was created the Faculty of Technologies of Information at the Polytechnic University of Tirana (PUT), within which the Center for Research and Development of Information Technologies was created; • with the Institute of Seismology, Institute of Geology and some departments of Geological Survey, the Institute of Geosciences was created at the PUT; • the Institute of Hydro-Meteorology and the Center of Hydraulic Studies created the Institute of Energy, Water and Environment at the PUT; • the Institute of Biological Research was transformed into the Department of Food Technology, at the Faculty of Natural Sciences of the University of Tirana (UT); • the Institute of Nuclear Physics was transformed into the Center of Nuclear and Applied Physics at the Faculty of Natural Sciences of the UT, etc.

  15. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE THE STRUCTURE OF ASA GOVERNMENT ACADEMY OF SCIENCES ASA Assembly Executive Council ASA Chairmanship Section of Social Section of Natural and Science Technical Science Unit of R&D Projects General Sector Office of Foreign Scientific Publishing IT Relations Library Office

  16. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE Actions for changing • Infrastructure • Local Area Networks for all units Realized in all universities and ASA, • Internet access Partially realized • National academic network Under development • International co-operation • Bilateral agreements • Regional actions • Join main european and international programmes

  17. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE • In the end of 2007 year we had: • A new Research System • New organization of Academy of Science

  18. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE • Until now Albania has not used any national classification and in this reality is very difficult to transform the existing indicators on R&D into the internationally accepted Frascati classification. • In this situation the government expenditures on R&D in Albania evaluated as a part of 85% of the expenses by the research institutions. Collecting S&T statistics

  19. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE Government Expenditure on R&D

  20. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE

  21. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE Human resources • Research and Development personnel • by scientific field • by sector • Number of Researchers • Number of Professors • Number of Doctors • Number of young researchers

  22. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE • Official statistics for human resources in science and technology in Albania for R&D employees and researchers do not equate to Full Time Equivalents (FTE) as defined in the OECD’s Frascati manual. • The only one national statistical institution (INSTAT) in Albania has not provided the statistics for the R&D.

  23. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE • Infrustructure is in a stabilization process • Indicators on S&T are not relation to OECD, Frascati Manual • Survey instruments such as questionnaires, manuals, etc., are missed • Methodologies for collection of data and analysis are missed • Funds are missed • Qualified people is missed • Etc. • So, in conclusion, why data on R&D are not currently • being collected, are:

  24. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE • Finally: • To create a new infrastructure (new sector, agency, etc.), • To use the currently international indicators on S&T, • Use of international survey instruments such as UNESCO questionnaires, Frascati manual, etc. in collaboration with UIS (or other institutions), • Use of new Methodologies for collection of data and analysis in collaboration with UIS (or other institutions), • To train people, • To find funds from UNESCO, EC, etc., through joint projects in collaboration with countries that are present, • How we have to do to initiate collecting of R&D data in the near future and possible approaches.

  25. MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

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