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Styles and strategies. Process, style and strategy. Process: the most general concept all human beings engage in certain universal processes Style: consistence enduring tendencies or preferences within an individual
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Process, style and strategy • Process: the most general concept • all human beings engage in certain universal processes Style: consistence enduring tendencies or preferences within an individual Strategies: specific methods of approaching a problem for achieving a particular end
Learning styles • Cognitive style: • The link between personality and cognition • Learning style: • The link between cognition and educational context. It mediates between emotion and cognition
Learning styles are: • 1- Reflexive: • Out of reflexive personality • 2- Impulsive • Out of impulsive emotional personality
People’s styles are determined by: • They way they internalize their environment • Because of that physical, affective and cognitive domains merge in learning styles
Are styles stable? • Different contexts evoke different styles
There are 9 styles of language acquisition: • 1. Field independence-dependence • 2. Random vs sequential • 3. global vs particular • 4. inductive vs deductive • 5. synthetic vs analytic • 6.analogue vs digital • 7. concrete vs abstract • 8. levelling vs sharpening • 9. impulsive vs reflective
Other styles include: • Left-and right-bin styles • Ambiguity tolerance • Visual; auditory/kinesthetic styles
The differences between FI &FD • FI • The ability to perceive a particular relevant tem or factor in a field of distracting items • FD • The tendency to be dependent on the total field so that the parts embedded within the field are not easily percieved
Enables you to distinguish parts from the whole • FI persons are more independent, competitive and self-confident • Enables you to perceive the whole picture of a problem or idea or event • FD persons are more socialized perceptive of others’ feelings
Related to analysis- attention to details- mastering of exercising drills and focused activities • Related to communicative aspects of language learning
Which is more important FI OR FD? • the answer is both • Depending on the context of learning • Learners invokes the appropriate style • Teachers understand preferences of styles and be flixable
Lift-and-right-brain dominance • Lift-brain • Logical analytic thought mathematical processing of information • Deductive style of teaching • Right brain • Visual auditory images processes holistic Lift-and-right-brain dominance emotional information • Inductive style of teaching
Ambiguity tolerance vs intolerance • Cognitive well to tolerate ideas that counter your belief system of knowledge • Too see every idea fitting in cognitive organization and rejection of other unfitting ideas
Reflectivity and impulsivity • Quick guess at answers to problem • Inductive methods • Slow calculated decisions • Deductive methods