1 / 15

Chapter 13

Chapter 13. Water and Erosion. Section 13.1 Water cycle – continuous movement of water from the atmosphere to the earth’s surface and back to atmosphere Also called hydrologic cycle. Steps involved in water cycle: Evaporation – liquid water changes to vapor

luisa
Download Presentation

Chapter 13

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 13 Water and Erosion

  2. Section 13.1 • Water cycle – continuous movement of water from the atmosphere to the earth’s surface and back to atmosphere • Also called hydrologic cycle

  3. Steps involved in water cycle: • Evaporation – liquid water changes to vapor • Transpiration – plants giving off water vapor • Evaopotranspiration – evaporation and transpiration combined • Condensation – water vapor rising into atmosphere • Precipitation – water falls from clouds to earth as rain, sleet, snow, hail

  4. Water Cycle - Important to Ecosystem Balance

  5. The continuous water cycle is what gives the earth’s its water budget • Precipitation is the income • Its balanced because the amount of precipitation = the amount of evapotranspiration and runoff • Factors that affect it are vegetation, rainfall, wind, amount/duration runoff

  6. Section 13.2 river systems • River system is made up of a main stream and feeder streams, called tributaries • Land from which water runs off into these streams is called a watershed • In Virginia there are 13 watersheds – these watersheds drain to the Chesapeake Bay, North Carolina Sounds and Gulf of Mexico

  7. Streams transport soil, loose rock fragments, and dissolved minerals – stream load • 3 forms of stream load • Solution – material that is removed from bedrock • Suspension – suspended material such as sand, silt, clay – looks muddy • Bed load – sediment moving along stream bed or base – pebbles/boulders

  8. The discharge and velocity of a stream, as well as its load, affects how a stream cuts and widens its channel • Discharge is the volume of water moved by a stream in a given time • Faster the stream, higher discharge and larger load – erodes faster, • Slower streams, lower discharge and smaller load

  9. Rivers develop from a youthful stage to an old – age stage • Youthful rivers – erodes its beds more rapidly • Produces V-shaped valleys with steep sides • Waterfalls and rapids common • Few tributaries

  10. Mature streams • Well-established tributaries • Drains watershed effectively • Erosion occurs along the valley walls • Not many waterfalls and rapids • Meanders and oxbow lakes – water in abandoned meander • Old Rivers • Lower gradient, slower than mature river • Deposits sediments on land instead of eroding, flood plain formed

  11. Stream erosion • Potholes – created by sand, pebbles and small boulders swirling around in whirl pools, erodes out rock and makes hole • Waterfalls – created when rock is undermined by stream current

More Related