America’s History , 8 th Edition, Chapter 10 Review Video

1. www.Apushreview.com America’s History, 8th Edition,Chapter 10 Review Video A Democratic Revolution (1800 – 1844) Check out the description for videos that match up with the new curriculum.

2. The Rise of Popular Politics, 1810 - 1828 • The Decline of the Notables and the Rise of Parties • The Rise of Democracy: • More Americans (white males) participated in politics • Property requirements and taxpaying requirements disappeared in many states • Western states gain more prominence • Parties Take Command: • Martin Van Buren helped introduce political machines – rewarded supporters with jobs (patronage, spoils system) • The Election of 1824 (The “Corrupt Bargain”): • 4candidates for the election of 1824 • None win an electoral majority, although Andrew Jackson has most electoral and popular votes • According to the 12th Amendment, the House would then decide on the top 3 candidates • Henry Clay (Speaker of the House), finished 4th and was out of the running • He threw his support behind JQA • Adams becomes president, Henry Clay becomes his Secretary of State (stepping stone to the presidency)

3. The Rise of Popular Politics, 1810 - 1828 • The Last Notable President: JQA • JQA favored the American System • 3 parts – internal improvements, tariffs, BUS • The Fate of Adams’s Policies: • Many Jacksonians rejected the American System • The Tariff Battle: • Tariff of Abominations (1828): • Raised tariff rates drastically • Hated by South • Favored by manufacturers in NE • “The Democracy” and the Election of 1828 • John C. Calhoun ran as Jackson’s VP • Increased voter turnout in 1828 (Jackson won by a large margin)

4. The Jacksonian Presidency, 1829 – 1837 • Jackson’s Agenda: Rotation and Decentralization: • Kitchen Cabinet: • Group of official and unofficial advisors to Jackson • The Tariff and Nullification: • Slave owners feared high tariffs -> feared that slavery would be outlawed next • John C. Calhoun (sitting VP) • Wrote South Carolina Exposition and Protest (1828) • Urged states to nullify the Tariff of Abominations • Argued since the states created the federal government, they had the ability to nullify federal laws • Drew on VA and KY Resolutions • Webster-Hayne Debate: • States’ Rights (Hayne) v. National Power (Webster) • Hayne advocated nullification • “Second Reply to Hayne” • Webster advocated national power • “Liberty and Union, now and forever, one and inseparable.” • Compromise Tariff of 1833 (Henry Clay): • Reduced tariff rates by 10% per year for 8 years • Force Bill: • President could use military in future to collect tariffs

5. The Jacksonian Presidency, 1829 – 1837 • The Bank War: • Nicholas Biddle: • President of the BUS • 1832 veto: • Jackson vetoes the re-charter of the BUS (BUS would expire in 1836) • Removal of Bank Deposits: • Jackson removed all government deposits from the BUS and placed in state “pet” banks • Biddle called in loans -> economic crisis ensues • Roger B. Taney • Jackson’s Treasury Secretary, appointed Chief Justice of the Supreme Court after Marshall died (1835)

6. The Jacksonian Presidency, 1829 – 1837 • Indian Removal • Jackson advocated removal of Natives west of Mississippi River • “5 Civilized Tribes” • Located in the South – GA, AL, MS, FL • Indian Removal Act (1830) • Aimed to move southern tribes to west of MS River • Worcester v. Georgia (1832) • Supreme Court stated Natives could NOT be forced to move • Jackson ignores the decision • Trail of Tears: • Winter of 1838 • Forced removal of 1,000s of Natives • Thousands died during or shortly after arriving out west

7. The Jacksonian Presidency, 1829 – 1837 • The Jacksonian Impact: • Jackson drastically increased the power of the executive branch • The Taney Court: • Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge (1837): • Contracts could be breached if it benefited the community • In essence, it reversed Dartmouth College v. Woodward

8. Class, Culture, and the Second Party System • The Whig Worldview: • Formed in response to “King Andrew I” • Favored strong central government • Promoted industry and internal improvements (especially in the West) • Anti-Masons Become Whigs: • 1st 3rd Party • Anti-secret society • Election of 1836: • MVB vs. several Whigs (hope to send to the House a la 1828) • MVB wins, is plagued by the Panic of 1837: • Causes: • Overspeculation, crop failures, panics in Europe • Effects: • 100s of banks failed, unemployment grew, prices of land dropped

9. “Tippecanoe and Tyler Too” • Election of 1840 • MVB v. “Tippecanoe and Tyler Too” • “Log Cabins and Hard Cider” • “Get the ball rolling” • WHH dies 30 days into his presidency • Tyler “His Ascendency” • Democrat at heart, hated Jackson • Once in office, Tyler rejected many Whig programs, became a president without a party • Ethnocultural politics – voting along ethnic and/or religious lines • Irish, Germans, and Catholics tended to vote Democratic

10. Quick Review • Corrupt Bargain of 1824 • Jacksonian Democracy = increased suffrage for white males • Tariff of Abominations • Nullification Crisis • Bank War • Formation of the Whigs • Indian Removal Act -> Trail of Tears

11. Thanks for watching! • Good luck on your tests • Check out videos matching the new curriculum • Spread the word • Subscribe • Comment I left the presidency in March of 1845. As of 2014, I have a grandchild that is STILL alive…..