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Introduction to Information Systems: Components, History, Uses, and Benefits

Explore the components, history, uses, and benefits of information systems. Learn how companies utilize information systems to improve operations and gain a competitive edge. Discover the insights of Nicholas Carr on the impact of IT on businesses.

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Introduction to Information Systems: Components, History, Uses, and Benefits

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  1. Information Systems

  2. Objectives • Identify IS • Components of IS • History of IS • Uses of IS • Companies built around IS • Starting an IS • Benefits • Nicholas Carr

  3. Defining Information Systems • Collects, stores and processes data • Provides information, knowledge and digital products • Decision making, coordination, control, analysis, and visualization

  4. 3 Components of Information Systems Data Software Hardware Technology

  5. Data • 3rd component • Collection of facts • Intangible • Useless when alone • Effective when in a group

  6. Software User • Tells hardware what to do • Intangible • Several categories • Two main categories • Operating • Application Applications Operating System Hardware

  7. Hardware • Tangible • Uses input/output devices • Speed of a computer is related

  8. Technology • Hardware, software and data • Application of scientific knowledge • Support/Management

  9. Advancements in Information Systems 1950-1960 -Mainframes -Manufacturing Resource Planning Systems 1970-1980 -First microcomputer -Windows operating system Mid 1980’s- early 1990’s -Client Server -Networking -ERP Mid 1990’s- early 2000’s -World Wide Web -E-commerce Post early 2000’s -Recent Web -Laptops -ICloud

  10. Uses of information systems • Improve business operations • Strategic decisions • Competitive edge • Measure data

  11. Starting an Information System • Identify and list stakeholders: people who participate in the system or will use it • Identify and list actors: set of expectations • Identify and list use cases: one complete cycle between the actor and the system • Identify and list scenarios: each way a use case can play out • Identify and list steps: description of the steps used to complete a scenario • Identify and list classes/objects: description and/or models of the design and implementation of the methods and properties needed to complete a step • Manage work products: a planned concrete result of the development process

  12. Companies built around Information systems • eBay: large auction marketplace • Amazon: growing electronic mall • Google: search engine that gets most information from keyword advertising • Cloud Computing: storing related data through central computer systems that are accessed through the internet • E-books: file containing text and images suitable for distributing electronically and displaying on-screen; like a book • Social Networking: allows individuals to exchange messages, share informationand view profiles, resulting of “contacts” or “friends”

  13. Benefits • Boost productivity and performance • Research new ways to generate revenue • Engage customers • Streamline time-consuming tasks • Up to date information • Better communication • Reduced risk of errors • One secure location

  14. Nicholas Carr • Wrote “IT Doesn’t Matter” • Wrote “Does It Matter?” • “Infrastructural technologies as I call them, open opportunities for forward-looking companies to gain strong competitive advantages.” • “The opportunities for gaining IT-based advantages are already dwindling. Best practices are now quickly built into software or otherwise replicated.” • “A safe prediction, I think, is that human innovation and creativity will continue; it is part of our very nature.” –Ben Bernanke

  15. Cites • www.nicholascarr.com • https://saylordotorg.github.io/text_business-information-systems-design-an-app-for-that/s05-01-what-are-information-systems.html • https://www.forbes.com/#6b61b2f62254 • https://www.britannica.com/topic/information-system • https://jennadoucet.wordpress.com/2010/03/14/data-information-and-knowledge-in-information-systems/ • https://techterms.com/definition/data • https://www.floridatechonline.com/blog/information-technology/information-systems-vs-information-technology/ • https://bizfluent.com/about-6525978-role-information-systems-organization.html • https://www.slideshare.net/DrOthmanAlsalloum/building-information-systems?next_slideshow=1 • https://smallbusiness.chron.com/tangible-benefits-information-systems-50155.html • https://bus206.pressbooks.com/chapter/chapter-1/

  16. Any questions?

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