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Chapter 3

Chapter 3. Displaying Categorical Data. Categorical Data. Variables with labels as values. Gender (Male, Female) Marital Status (Single, Married, Widowed, Divorced). Describing Categorical Data. Pie Chart Displays percentage of whole for each category.

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Chapter 3

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  1. Chapter 3 Displaying Categorical Data

  2. Categorical Data • Variables with labels as values. • Gender (Male, Female) • Marital Status (Single, Married, Widowed, Divorced)

  3. Describing Categorical Data • Pie Chart • Displays percentage of whole for each category. • Must include all possible categories.

  4. Example of Pie Chart • Marital Status • 61% Married • 7% Widowed • 23% Never Married • 9% Divorced

  5. Describing Categorical Data • Bar Charts • Displays either number or percentage for each category. • Do not need to include all possible categories.

  6. Example of a Bar Graph • Number of students enrolled in certain majors. • 2,105 Engineering • 1,550 Business • 1,025 Biological Sciences

  7. Two-Way Tables • Summarizes the relationship between two categorical variables. • Row = values for one categorical variable • Column = values for other categorical variable • Table entries = number in row by column class.

  8. Two-Way Table

  9. Marginal Distribution • Look at each variable separately • Age • 25 to 34: 41,388 of 166,438 = 24.87% • 35 to 54: 73,028 of 166,438 = 43.88% • 55+: 52,022 of 166,438 = 31.26%

  10. Marginal Distribution • Education • No HS: 30,512 of 166,438 = 18.3% • HS: 56,451 of 166,438 = 33.9% • C. 1-3: 41,247 of 166,438 = 24.8% • C. 4+: 38,225 of 166,438 = 23.0%

  11. Effect of Age on College • Look at number of people with college degree (Total = 38,225) • Age 25 to 34: 10,342 out of 38,225 = 27.06% • Age 35 to 54: 19,878 out of 38,225 = 52.00% • Age 55+: 8,005 out of 38,225 = 20.94% • Age 55+ is 31.26% of population, but only makes up 20.94% of people with college degree.

  12. Effect of Age on Education • Look at each level of education. • Break up each level by age. • Make bar graph for each level of education.

  13. Education Levels by Age

  14. Conclusions • Older people make up a large percentage of people without HS education.

  15. Conclusions • Younger people make up a small percentage of people without HS education.

  16. Conclusions • Older people make up a small percentage of people with college education.

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