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Wireless technology

Wireless technology. Wireless technology. Electromagnetic waves. Transmission of radio-waves and microwaves. Transmission of infrared waves. Radio wave-based networking. Electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic waves: Transmit data across the atmosphere.

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Wireless technology

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  1. Wireless technology

  2. Wireless technology Electromagnetic waves Transmission of radio-waves and microwaves Transmission of infrared waves Radio wave-based networking

  3. Electromagnetic waves • Electromagnetic waves: • Transmit data across the atmosphere. • Are categorized according to frequency ranges. • Frequency ranges are based on repeating patterns of a waveform. • One complete waveform is called a cycle. • Frequency is the number of times a cycle occurs in one second. • Include: • Radio waves • Microwaves • Infrared waves Crest One cycle Trough Electromagnetic spectrum More Wavelength

  4. Wavelength • The length of a wave is the distance between two crests or two troughs. • The frequency of a wave is the number of times a cycle occurs in one second. • The Greek letter, lambda (λ) is used to indicate wavelength. Wave frequencies Back

  5. Transmission of radio- and microwaves • Works on the principle of producing a carrier wave. • A carrier wave is a set frequency that is used to carry data. • A carrier wave is mixed with the data signal. This process is called modulation. • A carrier wave must be at a higher frequency than the digital data signal. • The frequency range occupied by a modulated carrier wave is called the bandwidth. • A carrier wave with a width of 200 kHz has a bandwidth of 200 kHz. • The bandwidth of the carrier wave is referred to as a channel. Carrier wave Carrier wave Signal wave Signal wave Amplitude modulated wave Frequency modulated wave

  6. Transmission of radio- and microwaves • Modulation takes place during radio broadcasting. A transmitter generates the carrier wave and modulates information into the carrier wave. • A receiver receives the modulated wave and demodulates it.

  7. Transmission of infrared waves • Infrared waves lies in between visible light spectrum and microwaves. It has wavelength of 700 nm to 1 mm and frequency ranges from 300 GHz to 430 THz. • Infrared waves is transmitted as a series of digital light pulses. • Infrared waves are used for very short range communication purposes such as television and it’s remote. • Infrared travels in a straight line so they are directional by nature.

  8. Radio wave-based networking • There are three basic types of radio wave-based networking. • Wi-Fi: • Wi-Fi means wireless fidelity. • Wi-Fi operates on a higher frequency (2.4 GHz – 5 GHz) than cell phones. • Uses radio-waves to transmit information to and from the Internet or computer. • An access points act as a central transmitter and receiver of wireless radio signals. • Most computers and other devices contain built-in access points. USB type wireless access point

  9. Radio wave-based networking • Information from the access point is send to a wireless router. • The router converts it to radio-waves and beams it to a computer. • The computer interprets the radio-waves with the help of hardware (Access point) and software. Mobile wireless router Wireless router

  10. Radio wave-based networking • Bluetooth: • The name ’Bluetooth’ reflects the Scandinavian origins of the technology. It is named after a 10th century Danish viking, King HaraldBlåtand (translating as 'Bluetooth' in English). • Bluetooth is a short range wireless system designed for limited distances. • The frequency ranges from 2.4 GHz – 2.585 GHz. • A Bluetooth network is referred to as a piconet or Personal Area Network (PAN). Two piconets linked A piconet Bluetooth and toys Bluetooth in medicine How does Bluetooth work?

  11. Radio wave-based networking • Cellular technology: • A cellular network or mobile network is a wireless network distributed over land areas called cells, each served by at least one fixed-location transceiver, known as a cell site or base station. • Radio-waves connect to designated areas referred to as cells. • A remote device (e.g. Mobile phone) connects to a radio transceiver within a cell. Cell Transceiver (base station) How does a cell phone work

  12. Electromagnetic spectrum Back

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