Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address

1. Lincoln’s Second InauguralAddress AP English Language Mr. Gallegos Semester One

2. Warm-Up • Please read Pages 157-159 from the Barron’s Study Book and complete the Mini-Workout worksheet by correcting the faulty parallel structure in the ten sentences.

3. Parallel Structure Answers • 1. but explains that it’s all right to seek help. • 2. An easier and more direct route • 3. plays forward on the basketball team • 4. go out to eat • 5. both angry and disappointed • 6. better than taking a sailboat • 7. knocked down not only the tree • 8. and party with friends • 9. The mouse will either find a quick way into the attic or gnaw • 10. and amazingly entertaining

4. Learning Objectives • Content Objective: Students will be able to analyze the Second Inaugural Address by Abraham Lincoln and evaluate the use of rhetorical strategies used by President Lincoln. • Language Objective: Students will read the selection and annotate the text for rhetorical strategies, diction, and parallelism. • Language Objective: Students will practice grading sample essays about the Second Inaugural Address by Abraham Lincoln and justify their grade.

5. Key Vocabulary • Ethos is an appeal to character by demonstrating that the speaker is trustworthy and credible. Ethos often stresses shared values between the speaker and the audience. • Logos is an appeal to logic or reason by offering clear and rational ideas to back up your thesis, or claim. • Pathos is an appeal to emotion. An argument should never be based solely on pathos. Figurative language, personal anecdotes, and vivid images are commonly used. • To evaluate is to grade and make a judgment about something. • To justify is to back-up what you are proposing.

6. Parallelism • Balance of two or more similar words, phrases, or clauses. • Think of it in the form of antithesis. It is parallel structure that juxtaposes contrasting ideas. Think of contrasts. • “When there is need of silence, you speak, and when there is need of speech, you are dumb; when you are present, you wish you were absent, and when absent, you desire to be present; in peace you are for war, and in war you long for peace; in council you descant on bravery, and in the battle you tremble.” • Example: Justice of the northern effort with the injustice for slavery.

7. Annotation • Annotate the text for rhetorical appeals. Don’t forget to look for ethos, pathos, and logos. • Highlight examples of diction and the effect of the diction in the sentence, paragraph. • Make sure that you review the writing prompt looking for key requirements. • Try and annotate next to clues you find about what Lincoln’s purpose is in the speech.

8. Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address Writing Rubric • As you will recall from your course syllabus, the AP gives essays scores ranging from 1-9. A nine is the highest possible score and a 1 is the lowest. • Papers scoring above a 4 are considered to be in the upper-half of all essays. This needs to be your goal. • Let’s look at what is required to get a score above a 5 so that we can evaluate the sample essays that have been submitted to AP.

9. Evaluating Samples • Look at the following sample essays and jot down the grade you would assign each of these papers according to the AP English Language Rubric for this specific question. • Write down your reasoning (justification) for the grade you would assign this paper. • Rank the papers from best paper to the worst paper.

10. Exit Ticket • What did you learn from the evaluation of student samples that you can apply to your own writing. • What aspect of your writing do you need to improve upon to earn a score of 5 or better. • Do you think you are ready to write an analysis paper of your own? Why?