300 likes | 418 Views
Arthropods. What is Entomology?. The study of insects (and their near relatives). What are insects (and near relatives)?. Insects and their relatives are ARTHROPODS. Review of Zoological Nomenclature (classifying & naming). Taxonomic Categories. Phylum Class Order Family
E N D
What is Entomology? The study of insects (and their near relatives). What are insects (and near relatives)? Insects and their relatives are ARTHROPODS.
Review of Zoological Nomenclature (classifying & naming) Taxonomic Categories Phylum Class Order Family Genus Genus & species
Review of Zoological Nomenclature Taxonomic Categories Kingdom -Animalae Phylum -Arthropoda Class -Insecta Order -Coleoptera Family -Scarabaeidae Genus -Popillia Genus & species Popillia japonicaNewman
Characteristics of the Phylum Arthropoda • The segmented bodies are arranged into regions, called tagmata (e.g., head, thorax, abdomen). • The paired appendages (e.g., legs, antennae) are jointed. • They posses a chitinous exoskeletion that must be shed during growth. • They have bilateral symmetry. • The nervous system is dorsal (belly) and the circulatory system is open and ventral (back).
What are some other Animal Phyla? • Porifera & Cnidaria – sponges & corals. • Platyhelminthes - flatworms, tapeworms • Nematoda - roundworms • Mollusca - clams, snails & slugs, squids • Echinodermata - starfish, sea urchins • Annelida - segmented worms (earthworms) • Chordata - fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals
Arthropod Groups (taxa) The arthropods are divided into two large groups that exist today: Chelicerates and Mandibulates
Chelicerate Arthropod Characters: • Pincher-like mouthparts - chelicerae - and pedipalps • NO antennae • Two body regions, usually - cephalothorax & abdomen • Four pairs of legs • Horseshoe crabs and arachnids are only living groups
Mandibulate Arthropod Characters: • Mouthparts are mandibles - normally chewing sideways • One or two pairs of antennae • Various body region arrangements - cephalothorax & abdomen / head & trunk / head, thorax & abdomen • Variable leg numbers • Insects, crustaceans & myriapods
Orders of Arachnids • Scorpions • Pseudoscorpions • Daddy Long-Legs • Mites & Ticks • Spiders
Pseudoscorpion Tick (a mite) Scorpion Wolf Spider Daddy-long-legs
chelicerae eyes pedipalp
Mite and Tick Body Regions pedipalps & chelicerae cephalothorax abdomen
American dog tick male Blacklegged (deer) tick female
Clover mites Twospotted spider mites Predatory mite
daddy long-legs cephalothorax abdomen
Spider Anatomy pedipalp chelicera (fang) cephalothorax narrow waist abdomen
Abdomen Cephalothorax Chelicera (fang) Pedipalp Jumping Spider
Wolf spider with egg case Spitting spider Orb-weaving spider Tarantula
Black widow with egg case Brown recluse
Classes of Myriapods (many legged arthropods) (all have one pair of antennae, a head region, and trunk with many pairs of legs, use trachea) • Diplopoda - millipedes • Chilopoda - centipedes
Myriapods [one pair of antennae, head & trunk regions, trunk with many pairs of legs] Millipede (Diplopoda) Two pair of legs per visible segment, attached under body. Centipede (Chilopoda) Pair of fangs under head, one pair legs per visible segment - attached to side of body. No fangs, no eyes, legs attached to side of body.
Millipede (Diplopoda) Centipede (Chilopoda) Garden centipede
Classes of Crustacea • mostly marine, fresh water, a few terrestrial • all have two pair of antennae • five or more pairs of legs • segmented abdominal appendages • head & trunk or cephalothorax & abdomen body arrangement • have gills • Sowbugs or pillbugs • Sand fleas • Barnacles • Crabs, lobster, shrimp
Crayfish cephalothorax (Decapoda) Sowbug (Isopoda), a terrestrial crustacean