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Professor: Liu Student: Ruby

Professor: Liu Student: Ruby. A field evaluation of driver eye and head movement strategies toward environmental targets and distracters. Objective. To evaluate driver visual and perceptual strategies at left turn intersection. This study might indicate:

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Professor: Liu Student: Ruby

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  1. Professor: Liu Student: Ruby A field evaluation of driver eye and head movement strategies toward environmental targets and distracters

  2. Objective • To evaluate driver visual and perceptual strategies at left turn intersection. • This study might indicate: • The driver failed to looked at one or more targets. • There are many targets that a main target is never found. • The driver noticed a competing distraction rather than the main target. • Targets are not noticed in time to avoid collision. Logo

  3. References • A significantly higher percentage of fatal accidents occur with motorcycles compared with automobiles. • Motorcycles comprise 2.9% of total vehicle registrations but were involved in 7.9% of the fatal accidents. (National Safety Council, 1987) • Automobile driver’s invasion of the motorcyclist’s right of way was the main cause of the accidents. (Hancock et al, 1986) Logo

  4. References • Time to arrivals of more than 3 seconds are impossible to evaluate accurately, but these dynamic targets must be evaluated neither too soon nor too late. (Schiff and Oldak, 1990) • The vehicle driver is a continuous process f spatial-temporal perception, identification and decision making. (Wulf et al, 1989) Logo

  5. Methodology • Scenario development and staging • There are two intersections were chosen for comparison, which are busy and quiet. • The busy intersection need more visual activity, and driver’s eye could be distracted more often by not important targets than quiet one. Logo

  6. busy quiet Methodology • Environmental analysis • There are two parts in the environmental analysis. • The intersections are photographed and evaluated for static targets and distracters. • The potential targets and distracters in the scene can be categorized. • The evaluation of dynamic distracters. • Including changing lights, passing cars, pedestrians and other moving targets or distracters. Logo

  7. A list for an environmental target/distracter inventory Logo

  8. Methodology • Collection of eye/head information in the field • Head movement and location gives a indication of where the driver is looking. • At this paper, authors direct recoding of eye location by a high speed head-mounted video camera and an mirror. • Head movements are measured by recording movements of the head mirror and matching them by a roof mounted camera. Logo

  9. Methodology • Video editing and data extraction • Static objects are identified from picture starting, capture a field of view close to the human eye. • Dynamic objects are identified from video since they move in and out of a scene . Logo

  10. An experiment • Subject & method • On experienced driver, was 33 years old man. • In order to take video more easily, selected driver had light blue eyes. • Have to wear the special head mounted vide camera. • To drive 40 left turns between quiet and busy intersection. • The data analysis was restricted to two driver activities: approach to each intersection form a pre-established lane and executing a left turn. Logo

  11. An experiment • Apparatus • A Sony model DXC-3000. • A head camera was a Canon Ci-10 Charge Couple Device (CCD) color video camera. • A small Sony color monitor , which used to check the operation of each camera and the initial procedures. • The distance between the centre of the mirror and the driver’s bridge of the nose was 254 mm. Logo

  12. Results • –Environmental analysis Logo

  13. Results • The quiet intersection has lane occlusion on the right. • The busy intersection has many dynamic and static distracters. Logo

  14. Results • Head movements • The busy intersection has a straight ahead toward left (SATL). • The quiet intersection has a left-right-left turning (LRL). • 17/20 LRL were observed (P<0.0013) • All 20 trials from the busy intersection resulted in the SATL. • An increased frequency of eye movements was observed during ‘on stage’ at the busy intersection. Logo

  15. Results • Eye movement frequencies • The frequency of eye movements at the busy intersection was found to be double that for the quiet intersection (t=3.25,p=0.0042). Logo

  16. Discussion and conclusions • The quiet intersection is searched systematically with a combination of eye and head movements. • The busy intersection contains potential for information overload. • Giving a relatively stationary head toward left type with frequent and rapid eye movement activity to the visual field. Logo

  17. Discussion and conclusions • Targets and distracters are identified firstly by means of quickly eye movements. • The authors provided an interesting application will be to evaluate individual differences between younger and older or between impaired and unimpaired drivers. Logo

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