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WHY WE CHEER BENITO MUSSOLINI. WHY WE CHEER BENITO MUSSOLINI His military adventures in North Africa and especially the Balkans forced Hitler to bail him out. This over-extended German military power, delayed the invasion of Russia for a critical 5-6 weeks, and helped us win World War II.
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WHY WE CHEER BENITO MUSSOLINI His military adventures in North Africa and especially the Balkans forced Hitler to bail him out. This over-extended German military power, delayed the invasion of Russia for a critical 5-6 weeks, and helped us win World War II.
MUSSOLINI SAYINGS “Books are good…
MUSSOLINI SAYINGS “Books are good, muskets are better.”
MUSSOLINI SAYINGS “Books are good, muskets are better.” “…only blood makes the wheels of history turn.”
MUSSOLINI SAYINGS “Books are good, muskets are better.” “…only blood makes the wheels of history turn.” “Mussolini is always right.”
FC.133 THE RISE OF FASCISM IN ITALY (1919-1925) A World War I (FC.127)
FC.133 THE RISE OF FASCISM IN ITALY (1919-1925) A World War I (FC.127) Italy & Germany mad about Treaty of Versailles (FC.128)
FC.133 THE RISE OF FASCISM IN ITALY (1919-1925) Political & economic chaos in Italy Impact on Italy? A World War I (FC.127)
FC.133 THE RISE OF FASCISM IN ITALY (1919-1925) Political & economic chaos in Italy A World War I (FC.127) Italy's expenditure (1914-18)=?
FC.133 THE RISE OF FASCISM IN ITALY (1919-1925) Political & economic chaos in Italy A World War I (FC.127) Italy & Germany? Italy's expenditure (1914-18)= 2X those 1861-1913
FC.133 THE RISE OF FASCISM IN ITALY (1919-1925) Political & economic chaos in Italy A World War I (FC.127) Russian Rev. Rising fear of? Italy & Germany mad about Treaty of Versailles (FC.128)
FC.133 THE RISE OF FASCISM IN ITALY (1919-1925) Political & economic chaos in Italy New political philosophy? A World War I (FC.127) Italy & Germany mad about Treaty of Versailles (FC.128) Russian Rev. Growing fear of Communism (FC.130)
FC.133 THE RISE OF FASCISM IN ITALY (1919-1925) Allows private prop. & free enterprise Is aggressively nationalistic Political & economic chaos in Italy Controls most aspects of society Rise of Fascism which: Controls what? A World War I (FC.127) Italy & Germany mad about Treaty of Versailles (FC.128) Russian Rev. Growing fear of Communism (FC.130)
FC.133 THE RISE OF FASCISM IN ITALY (1919-1925) Allows private prop. & free enterprise Is aggressively nationalistic Political & economic chaos in Italy Controls most aspects of society Rise of Fascism which: Private prop. & free enterprise? A World War I (FC.127) Italy & Germany mad about Treaty of Versailles (FC.128) Russian Rev. Growing fear of Communism (FC.130)
FC.133 THE RISE OF FASCISM IN ITALY (1919-1925) Allows private prop. & free enterprise Is aggressively nationalistic Political & economic chaos in Italy Controls most aspects of society Rise of Fascism which: Attitude toward the nation? A World War I (FC.127) Italy & Germany mad about Treaty of Versailles (FC.128) Russian Rev. Growing fear of Communism (FC.130)
FC.133 THE RISE OF FASCISM IN ITALY (1919-1925) Allows private prop. & free enterprise Is aggressively nationalistic Political & economic chaos in Italy Controls most aspects of society Rise of Fascism which: A World War I (FC.127) Italy & Germany mad about Treaty of Versailles (FC.128) Russian Rev. Growing fear of Communism (FC.130) Fascism gets its name from the ancient Roman fasces, a bundle of rods carried before Roman consuls as a symbol of their power.
FC.133 THE RISE OF FASCISM IN ITALY (1919-1925) Allows private prop. & free enterprise Is aggressively nationalistic Political & economic chaos in Italy Popular with middle class who fear Communism will eliminate private property & free enterprise Controls most aspects of society Rise of Fascism which: What class likes it and why? A World War I (FC.127) Italy & Germany mad about Treaty of Versailles (FC.128) Russian Rev. Growing fear of Communism (FC.130) Fascism gets its name from the ancient Roman fasces, a bundle of rods carried before Roman consuls as a symbol of their power.
FC.133 THE RISE OF FASCISM IN ITALY (1919-1925) Allows private prop. & free enterprise Is aggressively nationalistic Political & economic chaos in Italy Popular with middle class who fear Communism will eliminate private property & free enterprise Benito Mussolini & Fascists in Italy gain popularity by starting riots to destabilize govt. while posing as champions of law & order. Controls most aspects of society Rise of Fascism which: Leader and his background? **** World War I (FC.127) Italy & Germany mad about Treaty of Versailles (FC.128) Russian Rev. Growing fear of Communism (FC.130)
Mug shot of Benito after he was arrested in Switzerland in 1903
A major issue after World War I was Fiume, a free city established by the League of Nations, but claimed by Italy. It was seized by Gabriel d'Annuzio, a flamboyant super-patriot who ruled it for 15 months before the Italian government got him out. Everyday his army of Black Shirts would parade in front of him & say in response to one another: "For whom is the Future?" "The Army of Italy" "For whom is the power & Glory?" "For us" Mussolini admired d'Annunzio & even adopted his Black Shirts, daggers, truncheons, & practice of over-dosing victims w/castor oil
FC.133 THE RISE OF FASCISM IN ITALY (1919-1925) Allows private prop. & free enterprise Is aggressively nationalistic Political & economic chaos in Italy Popular with middle class who fear Communism will eliminate private property & free enterprise Benito Mussolini & Fascists in Italy gain popularity by starting riots to destabilize govt. while posing as champions of law & order. Controls most aspects of society Rise of Fascism which: Fascist tactics? A World War I (FC.127) Italy & Germany mad about Treaty of Versailles (FC.128) Russian Rev. Growing fear of Communism (FC.130)
FC.133 THE RISE OF FASCISM IN ITALY (1919-1925) Allows private prop. & free enterprise Is aggressively nationalistic Political & economic chaos in Italy Popular with middle class who fear Communism will eliminate private property & free enterprise Benito Mussolini & Fascists in Italy gain popularity by starting riots to destabilize govt. while posing as champions of law & order. Controls most aspects of society Rise of Fascism which: *** World War I (FC.127) Italy & Germany mad about Treaty of Versailles (FC.128) Russian Rev. Growing fear of Communism (FC.130)
Not It. In addition to starting riots against their enemies, the Fascists played a game I call “Not it”. Just like the children’s game of Tag where the last person to say “Not It” is It, so it goes in politics. A common political tactic is for one side to blame the other side for its own crimes and faults, because, whatever the truth of the matter, whoever gets blamed first is in a weakened position by right of having to defend themselves. Even if they justly counter-blame the other side, it looks like they’re only copying the other side, making them look unoriginal and guilty, since the other side first has already put it into people’s heads that the innocent side is guilty. Hitler and the Nazis would copy Mussolini in this and various other tactics.
A fascist mass rally in Rome. Mussolini’s use of such events would influence Hitler’s theories & practices concerning the manipulation of mass democratic politics.
Close up these gestures may look overdone and even ridiculous, but to the thousands viewing Benito’s speech from further back it conveyed a powerful message.
FC.133 THE RISE OF FASCISM IN ITALY (1919-1925) Allows private prop. & free enterprise Is aggressively nationalistic Political & economic chaos in Italy Popular with middle class who fear Communism will eliminate private property & free enterprise Benito Mussolini & Fascists in Italy gain popularity by starting riots to destabilize govt. while posing as champions of law & order. Controls most aspects of society Rise of Fascism which: How did the Fascists get control of the govt? A World War I (FC.127) Italy & Germany mad about Treaty of Versailles (FC.128) Russian Rev. Growing fear of Communism (FC.130)
FC.133 THE RISE OF FASCISM IN ITALY (1919-1925) Allows private prop. & free enterprise Is aggressively nationalistic Political & economic chaos in Italy Popular with middle class who fear Communism will eliminate private property & free enterprise Benito Mussolini & Fascists in Italy gain popularity by starting riots to destabilize govt. while posing as champions of law & order. Local party bosses march on Rome to overthrow govt Mussolini follows along Controls most aspects of society Rise of Fascism which: *** World War I (FC.127) Italy & Germany mad about Treaty of Versailles (FC.128) Russian Rev. Growing fear of Communism (FC.130)
FC.133 THE RISE OF FASCISM IN ITALY (1919-1925) Allows private prop. & free enterprise Is aggressively nationalistic Political & economic chaos in Italy Popular with middle class who fear Communism will eliminate private property & free enterprise Benito Mussolini & Fascists in Italy gain popularity by starting riots to destabilize govt. while posing as champions of law & order. Local party bosses march on Rome to overthrow govt Mussolini follows along Govt. panics & makes Mussolini prime minister (1922) Controls most aspects of society Rise of Fascism which: A World War I (FC.127) Italy & Germany mad about Treaty of Versailles (FC.128) Russian Rev. Growing fear of Communism (FC.130)
Benito to Victor Emmanuel III: “Your majesty will forgive my appearance, but I come from a battlefield.”
Painting glorifying the massive traffic jam known as the March on Rome.
“Without the March on Rome, there could be no march on Moscow.”
FC.133 THE RISE OF FASCISM IN ITALY (1919-1925) Allows private prop. & free enterprise Is aggressively nationalistic Political & economic chaos in Italy Popular with middle class who fear Communism will eliminate private property & free enterprise Benito Mussolini & Fascists in Italy gain popularity by starting riots to destabilize govt. while posing as champions of law & order. Local party bosses march on Rome to overthrow govt Mussolini follows along Govt. panics & makes Mussolini prime minister (1922) Mussolini intimidates parliament to give him emergency powers He ends civil liberties Controls most aspects of society Rise of Fascism which: Mussolini intimidates parliament to give him emergency powers? World War I (FC.127) Italy & Germany mad about Treaty of Versailles (FC.128) Russian Rev. Growing fear of Communism (FC.130) "I could have transformed this gray hall into an armed camp. I could have nailed up the doors.” -- Benito’s 1st address to Parliament
1929- Signing the Lateran Treaty by which thePapacy recognized state of Italy in return for $, indep. Vatican state, & right to teach in schools and have Bingo nights every Wednesday. Apparently Benito couldn’t even resist cheating when signing a treaty.
FC.133 THE RISE OF FASCISM IN ITALY (1919-1925) Allows private prop. & free enterprise Is aggressively nationalistic Political & economic chaos in Italy Popular with middle class who fear Communism will eliminate private property & free enterprise Benito Mussolini & Fascists in Italy gain popularity by starting riots to destabilize govt. while posing as champions of law & order. Local party bosses march on Rome to overthrow govt Mussolini follows along Govt. panics & makes Mussolini prime minister (1922) Mussolini intimidates parliament to give him emergency powers He ends civil liberties Controls most aspects of society Rise of Fascism which: 1929- Lateran Treaty Papacy recognized state of Italy in return for $, indep. Vatican state, & right to teach in schools World War I (FC.127) Italy & Germany mad about Treaty of Versailles (FC.128) Russian Rev. Growing fear of Communism (FC.130)
Benito as an heroic warrior, sometimes even on a horse (the man leading his horse being cropped out).
Benito pretending to be on the covers of Life Magazine (upper left) and Time Magazine with lots of Italies coming out of his head
Benito as a giant mountain of Italians all agreeing with himself
The Alphabet Dancers praising Benito after his takeover of Sesame Street.