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Gender Differences in and Gender Moderation of Peer Victimization and Its Correlates. Jordan Barnada Dr. Julie Hubbard Psychology Department. Introduction. The problem of bullying Bullying-prevention programs What about gender? Literature review Very inconsistent results
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Gender Differences in and Gender Moderation of Peer Victimization and Its Correlates Jordan Barnada Dr. Julie Hubbard Psychology Department
Introduction • The problem of bullying • Bullying-prevention programs • What about gender? • Literature review • Very inconsistent results • Not enough information
Goals of the Study • To provide a more thorough examination of gender differences in victimization • To investigate whether gender moderates the relations between victimization and a range of negative correlates
Moderation • Relationship between 2 things • What’s the strength of that relationship? • Strength can be different for boys vs. girls Gender Victimization Depression
Moderation cont’d Boys Depression Girls Victimization
Hypotheses • Boys will experience more victimization • Gender moderation will occur for some correlates • Depression • Anxiety • School avoidance • Peer rejection • Somatization • Social withdrawal
Participants • 1760 children • 4th and 5th graders in 94 classrooms in 12 schools • 49% female, 51% male • Racial/Ethnic Breakdown • European American: 47.1% • Latino American: 18.3% • African American: 16.2% • Mixed Race: 7.2% • Asian American: 6.0% • American Indian or Alaska Native: 0.7% • Average age = 10 years old
Hypothesis 1: Gender Differences in Victimization by Report Type Note. *p<0.05. **p<0.01
Interaction Terms (Victimization x Gender) in Regressions to Examine Gender Moderation of Relations Between Victimization and Outcomes
Hypothesis 2- Depression: Teacher-Report • Boys > Girls on strength of relation between victimization and depression
Hypothesis 2- Peer Rejection: Peer-Report • Boys > Girls on strength of relation between victimization and peer rejection
Hypothesis 2- Peer Rejection: Teacher-Report • Boys > Girls on strength of relation between victimization and peer rejection
Strengths Limitations • Measured robustly • 3 types of reports • Studied physical and verbal victimization • Broader range of outcomes • Large bulk of data is from teacher-reports • One time point • Developmentally limited
The Future • Implications • Gender-segregated anti-bullying programs may be more effective • Different treatment interventions can be created/utilized based on gender • Research • More self & peer measures • Longitudinal studies • Expand sample
Acknowledgements • My Faculty Mentor • Dr. Julie Hubbard • McNair Scholars Program Staff • Dr. Kim Saunders, Tiffany Scott, Natalie Cook, Nicole Mozee • Peer Relations Lab Graduate Students • Megan Bookhout, Marissa Smith, Lauren Swift, Stevie Grassetti • My fellow McNair Scholars
Bivariate Correlations Note. *p<0.05. **p<0.01