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United States Presidents Eleventh ~ Twentieth. James Knox Polk 11 th President 1845 -1849. “Young Hickory” Vice President: George M. Dallas State Represented: Tennessee Extended nation’s boundaries to Pacific Ocean after Mexican War
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James Knox Polk11th President1845 -1849 “Young Hickory” • Vice President: George M. Dallas • State Represented: Tennessee • Extended nation’s boundaries to Pacific Ocean after Mexican War • First “dark horse” (little Known) candidate to win office • Speaker of the House
Zachary Taylor12th President1849 -1850 (16 months) “Old Rough and Ready” • Vice President: Millard Fillmore • State Represented: Louisiana • Hero of the Mexican War – 40 yr. military career • Never voted until his election • His horse, Whitey, grazed on the White House lawn • Died in office after 16 months, after Fourth of July celebration (cause unknown)
Millard Fillmore13th President1850 -1853 “The Accidental President” • Vice President: None • State Represented: New York • Became President upon Zachary Taylor’s death • Compromise of 1850 delayed war between states for ten years • Married his teacher, Abigail Powers (who started the presidential library in what is now the Oval Office)
Franklin Pierce14th President1853-1857 “Young Hickory of Granite Hills” • Vice President:William Rufus DeVane King • State Represented: New Hampshire • Youngest President at that time – age 48 • Rose to General in the Mexican War • Chose to say “I solemnly affirm” instead of “I solemnly swear” during presidential oath
James Buchanan15th President1857-1861 “The Sage of Wheatland” • Vice President: John C. Breckinridge • State Represented: Pennsylvania • Only President never to have married • Ran as the “Save the Union” candidate • One eye was near-sighted, the other far-sighted
Abraham Lincoln16th President1861-1865 “Honest Abe” & “The Great Emancipator” • Vice President:Hannibal Hamlin; Andrew Johnson • State Represented: Illinois • Six Weeks into 1st term, attack on Fort Sumter --- begins the War between states (Civil War) • Issued the Emancipation Proclamation, freeing slaves
Abraham Lincoln16th President1861-1865 • Assassinated at start of second term • Tallest President at 6’4” • Portrait on 5-dollar bill & penny • Faced carved on Mount Rushmore • First Republican President
Andrew Johnson17th President1865-1869 “The Father of the Homestead Act” • Vice President: None • State Represented: Tennessee • Became President upon Lincoln’s death • First President to be impeached by the House • Under Johnson, U.S. purchased Alaska from Russia
Ulysses Simpson Grant18th President1869-1877 “The Hero of Appomattox” • Vice Presidents:Schuyler Colfax; Henry Wilson • State Represented: Ohio • Commander of U.S. Army • First President to have two living parents upon taking office • Portrait on 50-dollar bill • Changed name from Hiram – to avoid H.U.G. initials
Rutherford Birchard Hayes19th President1877-1881 “The Dark-Horse President” • Vice President: William Almon Wheeler • State Represented: Ohio • First time “Secret Service” assigned for presidential protection • Signed bill allowing female attorneys to argue cases before the Supreme Court • Ended Reconstruction in the South
James Abram Garfield20th President1881 (6 ½ months) “The Preacher President” • Vice President: Chester Alan Arthur • State Represented: Ohio • First left-handed president • Campaigned in English & Spanish • Worked on the Erie Canal as a boy • Second President to be assassinated