(El alfabeto español)

1. h T h i S a e n p s e a A p t h l b (El alfabeto español)

2. overview • Similar al alfabeto inglés • Una letra adicional = ñ • Pre-1994: ch, ll, rr • La mayoría de consonantes se pronuncia similar a inglés • d: /d/ dinero • t: /t/ taco • Consonantes especiales: c, g, j, h, ll, ñ, rr, v

3. (a) a “ah” en “father” Ejemplos: más nada casa pasa mañana encantada

4. (be) b Similar a “b” inglés Bailo con María. bueno Hablan bien. un banco

5. (ce) c 2 sonidos diferentes /k/ casa /s/ cinco

6. casa C a, o, u = k copa cura En España, C e,i =“th” "thero" cero C e,i = s circo "thirco"

7. * ch (che) * Pre 1994: en el alfabeto 2010: no es una letra, es un sonido charro chimichanga muchacho chica

8. (de) d Daniel es mi hermano. andar ¡Buena idea! nada

9. (e) e Like the e in “they,” but without the “y” glide es mesa interesante tres deporte México

10. f (efe) Fernando flan teléfono enfrente

11. g (ge) 2 sonidos diferentes /g/ Garcia /h/ Geraldo

12. gato G a,o,u = /g/ Gomez guitarra tengo pagar lago igual

13. gemelo G e, i = /h/ gitano

14. h (hache) NO sonido h otel h ospital alco h ol H ablo español.

15. i (i) Like the ee in “teeth” or the i in “machine,” but shorter mi libro inteligente niño tímido rico

16. j (jota) /h/ José jalapeño hijo

17. k (ka) kilogramo karate

18. l (ele) lotería Lola azul

19. * ll (elle) The “ll” is pronounced like the English y. calle = caye Pre 1994: parte del alfabeto 2010: no parte del alfabeto, es un sonido *

20. m (eme) mamá más

21. n (ene) nada Elena

22. ñ * (eñe) * /ny/ niño jalapeño mañana baño

23. o (o) Like the o in “hope,” but shorter mono yo perro no

24. p (pe) Pablo pata papá ropa

25. q (cu) queso pequeño

26. r (ere) The intervocalic, embedded (that is, non-word-initial) “r” involves a single tap of the tongue against the alveolar ridge. The result is a sound much like the dd in the name “Eddie.” pero María arena Eddie

27. * rr (erre) perro * (A single letter previous to 1994) barrio With the “rr,” or double “r,” the tongue is positioned just as with the single “r,” except that it is held there briefly and allowed to “flap,” creating the “rolling” effect. derrota alrededor en realidad rosa Note: The single “r” is rolled more like the “rr” after l and n. rubio When initial, the “r” is rolled exactly like the “rr.”

28. s (ese) sí casa peso señor

29. t (te) té Tito

30. u (u) Like the u in the name “Lulu,” but shorter The important thing to remember about the “u” is that it has no initial “y” sound as in English. When we pronounce the word union, for instance, we actually say yunion. Leave the “y” sound off in Spanish. unión universidad usual comunidad

31. (ve) v (uve) “v” es identical a “b.” Voy contigo envidia Eva lavar

32. Since the “b” and the “v” sound exactly alike, we often distinguish between them by one of the following methods. (be grande) b (b de burro) (ve chica) v (v de vaca)

33. (doble ve) w (uve doble) (doble u) The “w” is a letter borrowed from English and is found only in words borrowed from other languages. whisky wélter wáter (closet)

34. x (equis) The “x” is pretty much as in English. examen exacto auxilio However, in words derived from indigenous languages, it is like a “j” when intervocalic . . . México mixe . . . and like an “s” when initial. Xochimilco

35. y (i griega) The “y,” when word-final, acts as a semivowel, that is, it has a sound similar to the vowel “i.” Voy rey When word-initial or intervocalic, it functions as a consonant and sounds like the y in English. ya rayo

36. z (zeta) The “z” has two distinct sounds, depending on geography. The next slide provides more details.

37. zapato In the Americas ("sapato") z = s In all cases En España z = th ("thapato") In all cases

38. Fin