The research of Employment support empower model for disadvantaged young people in Taiwan

1. Abstract id no: 2439111Session name: WS 030 Studies of vulnerable groups (2:6)Session date: 2012/07/09Session start time: 2:00:00 PMSession end time: 3:30:00 PM The research of Employment support empower model for disadvantaged young people in Taiwan Dr.Chao, Pi-Hua ; Kao, An-Yuan , Soochow University, Department of Social Work, Taipei, Taiwan

2. Introduction • This report draws upon examines the types of support offered by government and non-government organizations currently working with disadvantaged young people. There is a high risk of persistence or growth in the hard-core group of youth who are left behind, facing poor employment and earnings prospects. Disadvantaged young people who leave school early and have low socio-economic backgrounds are at risk of being engaged in marginal activities.

3. Introduction • Unemployment of its consequences and long-term effects of different ages are very different, in the 15 to 24 years age group the unemployment, including the junior high school, high schools, college graduates or dropouts, they drop great levels of education, after the unemployment effects of individual differences are large.

4. Introduction • 1. we need to strengthen employment capacity in upper secondary education and higher education. Through schools' formal educational system, youth employment capacity can be improved. • 2.the present employment services and vocational training measures should be strengthened to help young people proceed to their professional careers smoothly.

5. Introduction • 3. aiming at youths having high-degree employment difficulties, such as long-term unemployment or minority groups, resource collecting sets up an integrated individualized management mode to improve employment capacity, enhance positive employment, and achieve long-term stable employment. • 4.fairness of employment opportunities should be investigated in order to reduce unfairness resulting from sexes, physical and mental handicap, status, etc. Protection for labor conditions and interests and rights should be also enhanced for gradual increasing youths without normal type of employment. (NYC,2012)

6. The concept of employability • Core employability can be divided into three categories, namely: • "work attitude and ability", • "progress in career planning and learning" • "ability to use specialized knowledge " . employment skills that correspond to each category such as table below.

7. The concept of employability • Table . Three main categories of core employability and corresponding employment skills(Liu Mengqi,2006)

8. The concept of employability • Application of effective youth human resources have always been important foundation of economic development in the country, in recent years, advanced countries in the world, including Taiwan, are faced with the trend of the global economy and the impact of rapid changes in the labor market, must also be directly in the face of international competition for youth. "Youth employability" has become important issues, government ministries, have positive policy for the promotion of youth employability.

9. The concept of employability • Under the " 2006 college graduates employability survey report "pointed out that the present employment situation of graduates face three major challenges: • 1. the students are mostly passive learning, but not for personal career development, the result is not consistent with and the lack of professional ability. • 2. because of the links of cooperation between industry and academia is not enough satisfaction of industry on the training of school personnel, could not be required to comply with the labor market. • 3 employment counseling units lack of manpower and resources to provide effective career guidance and information.

10. Employment support model for disadvantaged young people • IN 2011, NPO in Taiwan handling the disadvantaged youth employment and training projects, to undertake the National Youth Commission has 25 civil society institutions, to undertake the Council of Labor Affairs disadvantaged “youth career preparation program” have 1 Units. There are the types of support offered by government and non-government organizations currently working with disadvantaged young people. FamilyMart and the Taiwan Alliance for Advancement of Youth Rights and Welfare to promote cooperation 「Juvenile strides against the wind -- Creating employment ability of vulnerable youth 」have six social work units. There are also hope to integrate the government’s resources with private sectors to drive forwards local industrial development and sustainable management together.

11. Employment support model for disadvantaged young people Taiwan also face youth unemployment rate Problems with relatively high. • Governments in 2009 annual gangue conducted the "youth employment promotion program", including: "youth work experience program", "college students summer work-study program of Community industry" and "unemployed young people entering higher junior high school graduates are not functional training advice pilot scheme" and so on. • The former mainly through increased contacts with the business opportunities of youth to enhance their employment and assist their successful employment; the latter is against no skills of vulnerable youth to continue their education, or through the functions of employment after training.

12. Young people’s views on using employment support services According A study by Jane Lakey, Helen Barnes and Jane Parry (2001) ： • The organizations interviewed were providing a range of innovative types of support. • They tended to work with disadvantaged young people who were less job ready than those interviewed. Many were focused on a particular target group, such as ex-offenders or homeless young people, which meant that their advisers had specific expertise in the types of support required.

13. Young people’s views on using employment support services Support workers from these organizations provided suggestions for ways of: • encouraging young people to take up employment support; • helping them to set goals and prepare themselves for work; • providing opportunities to succeed; • building resilience and helping people learn to cope with rejection; and • working with employers to counter discrimination and break down barriers to employment.

14. Young people’s views on using employment support services • The organizational representatives also emphasized the importance of supporting disadvantaged young people when they started work. This time of transition can be a stressful one, and many jobs are not sustained beyond the first few weeks. Providing support for job moves was also seen as important in making sure that disadvantaged young people achieved long-term success in the labor market, rather than remaining trapped in entry-level jobs.

15. Implications for policy The suggests a number of implications for policy development in this area: • As time goes on, young people remaining unemployed are increasingly those with multiple problems, who may be some distance from being able to take work. Many such young people need flexible and intensive forms of support in order to achieve a stable position in the labor market. • Funding for employment support work needs to reflect the long-term and incremental nature of the process of redressing labor market disadvantage, and should not necessarily end when somebody finds a job. • Disadvantaged young people need to be given a chance, but many employers are not prepared to take the risk.Mainstream employers could also be encouraged to employ more disadvantaged young people, and could be given more support when they do so.

16. Implications for policy The result of study finds the youth employment is on three orientations, basically it proposes as follows : • First ,have something to do with offer employment and develop with the margin of duty during schooling.Propose consulting the suggestion of International Labor Organization, offer the inducement to let the youth continue staying in the school, in order to avoid that it causes question and obstacle of student's duty margin development to leave school, suspend schooling or stop the question halfway.

17. Implications for policy • Second,to becoming long-term unemployed youth after graduation from school：Offer the special project to plan to encourage and assist the long-term unemployed youth to go back to school and accept the training of the employment skill of the job, or accept the long-term one and form vocational training, or the work of common department, community service, in order to practice the employment skill again, integrate and enter the job market smoothly.

18. Third, assistance suggestion about offering the job market to integrate relevantly: It is in vocational training for one item expensive investment, should for student to, learning ability should have appraised in advance, in order to improve the effect of training. Make some in the policy scheme in the future, should clear that distinguish the work position or practice the post, define further in order to favorable enterprise and youth employment connects the scheme.

19. The findings include : • 1. We are known about how these disadvantages have affected their ability to progress in the labor market, the models of support they have had, or the help and empower they would like to receive. • 2. to find risk factors :The effects of a range of characteristics and experiences on disadvantaged young people's ability to progress in current labor market conditions.

20. 3. to build what support structures is currently available to disadvantaged young people, and how it matches up to the support young people feel they need. • 4.to discusses the various strategies employment to link work and welfare in the context of the Taiwan social welfare systems. The report draws out the implications for current and future policy decisions.

21. The end Thank you for listening