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*Brianne Herrera , BA, Department of Anthropology, Texas State University, San Marcos

The correlation of skeletal and molecular data: concordance of cranial, dental, mitochondrial DNA, and Y-Chromosome DNA. *Brianne Herrera , BA, Department of Anthropology, Texas State University, San Marcos

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*Brianne Herrera , BA, Department of Anthropology, Texas State University, San Marcos

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  1. The correlation of skeletal and molecular data: concordance of cranial, dental, mitochondrial DNA, and Y-Chromosome DNA *Brianne Herrera, BA, Department of Anthropology, Texas State University, San Marcos TsunehikoHanihara, PhD, Department of Anatomy and Biological Anthropology, Saga Medical School Kanya Godde, PhD, School of Natural Sciences, School of Social Sciences, Humanities,and Arts, University of California, Merced; Department of Anthropology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville

  2. Goals – Correspondence of Biological Data • Investigate why different patterns emerge from different biological data • Cranial, dental, and molecular data • Peopling of the New World

  3. Y-Chromosome Data

  4. mtDNA Data

  5. Cranial Metric and Nonmetric Data

  6. Dental Metric and Nonmetric Data

  7. Background - Populations • Aleutians • Alaskan Eskimo • Greenland Eskimo • Canadian Eskimo • Siberian Eskimo

  8. Map created with Google Earth (2013)

  9. Methods • Cranial metrics and nonmetrics • mtDNA and y-chromosome DNA • Dental metrics and nonmetrics • Had matched and unmatched data

  10. Methods • Found R and kinship matrices • Mantel Test • Procrustes • Graphed eigenvectors produced by Procrustes analysis • Correlation matrices

  11. MantelP values

  12. Correlation Matrices Correlation matrix of matching cranial metric and nonmetric with mtDNA

  13. Correlation Matrices Correlation matrix of matching metric and nonmetric with y-chromosome DNA

  14. Correlation Matrices Correlation matrix of non-matching metric and nonmetric with mtDNA

  15. Correlation Matrices Correlation matrix of non-matching metric and nonmetric with y-chromosome DNA

  16. Procrustes Canada Aleut 6 X – mtDNA Δ – metric O - nonmetric second component of average eigenvector Asia Aleut 1 Alaska 2 Greenland Aleut 3 Aleut 2 Aleut 4 Alaska 1 first component of average eigenvector Graph of procrustes analysis using matching metric and nonmetric data, with mtDNA

  17. Procrustes Aleut 2 Aleut 1 Alaska 2 Greenland X – mtDNA Δ – metric O - nonmetric second component of average eigenvector Aleut 4 Alaska 1 first component of average eigenvector Graph of procrustes analysis using non-matching metric and nonmetric data, with mtDNA

  18. Procrustes Greenland Aleut 1 Alaska 1 X – y chromosome Δ – metric O - nonmetric second component of average eigenvector Alaska 2 Asia first component of average eigenvector Graph of procrustes analysis using matching metric and nonmetric data, with y-chromosome

  19. Procrustes Greenland Alaska 2 Alaska 1 X – y chromosome Δ – metric O - nonmetric second component of average eigenvector Aleut 1 first component of average eigenvector Graph of procrustes analysis using non-matching metric and nonmetric data, with y-chromosome

  20. Conclusions • Procrustes shows high levels of correlations • Nonmetric and y-chromosome DNA shows higher correlations than metric and y-chromosome DNA • Metric and mtDNA correlation was much stronger than nonmetric and mtDNA • Possible sex bias

  21. References • Bosch E, Calafell F, Rosser ZH, Norby S, Lynnerup N, Hurles ME, and Jobling MA. 2003. High level of male-biased Scandinavian admixture in Greenlandic Inuit shown by y-chromosomal analysis. Hum Genet 112:353-363. • Davis C, Ge J, Chidambaram A, King J, Turnbough K, Collins M, Dym O, Chakraborty R, Eisenberg AJ, and Budowle B. 2011. Y-str loci diversity in native Alaskan populations. Int J Legal Med 125:559-563. • Hallenberg C, Tomas C, Simonson B, and Morling N. 2009. Y-chromosome STR haplotypes in males from Greenland. Forensic SciInt 3:e145-e146. • Merriwether DA, Rothhammer F, and Ferrell RE. 1995. Distribution of the four founding lineage haplotypes in Native Americans suggests a single wave migration for the New World. Am J Phys Anthropol 98:411-430. • Rubicz R, Schurr TG, and Crawford MH. 2003. Mitochondrial DNA variation and the origin of the Aleuts. Hum Bio 75(6):809-835. • Volodko NV, Starikovskaya EB, Mazunin IO, Eltsov NP, Naidenko PV, Wallace DC, and Sukernik RI. 2008. Mitochondrial genome diversity in Arctic Siberians with particular reference to the evolutionary history of Beringia and Pleistocenic peopling of the Americas. Am J Hum Genet 82:1084-1100. • Zlojutro M, Rubicz R, Devor EJ, Spitsyn VA, Makarov SV, Wilson K, and Crawford MH. 2006. Genetic structure of the Aleuts and circumpolar populations based on mitochondrial DNA sequences: a synthesis. Am J Phys Anthropol 129:446-464. • Zlojutro M, Rubicz R, and Crawford MH. 2009. Mitochondrial DNA and y-chromosome variation in five eastern Aleut communities: evidence for genetic substructure in the Aleut population. Ann Hum Genet 36(5):511-526.

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