Pres. G. Bush, Bill Clinton, and W. Bush

1. Pres. G. Bush, Bill Clinton, and W. Bush APUSH – Unit 9 R. M. Tolles

2. President George Bush • 1988 Election – Won against Michael Dukakis and Jesse Jackson (1st African America seriously taken as a presidential candidate) • President Bush faced a new world of pressure and disorder – “New World Order” • China – Tiananmen Square Revolt, needed US support, Bush wouldn’t help – Chinese Gov. squashed the rebellion

3. Domestic PoliciesG. Bush • Did well before the Gulf War • Recession hit – downsizing and huge deficit. • Promised – “Read my lips…NO New Taxes”, had to go back on this promise, voters turned on him. • Cut Capital Gains Tax, defeated in Congress, and to raise taxes. • Lost to Bill Clinton in 1992, Odd election – Ross Perot (and.) also in race.

4. 1990 Gulf War • Aug. 1990 – Iraq and Saddam Hussein invaded Kuwait • Jan. 16, 1991 Saddam did not meet coalition deadlines to get out • Operation Desert Storm began – huge Allied and US one-sided victory • The United Nations went to war in the Persian Gulf because Iraq invaded Kuwait. • Texas v. Johnson, 1989 – Sup. Ct - Flag Burning, Constitutional? Protesting the war.

5. The Technological Revolution • Personal computers grow faster and more powerful. • Integrated Circuits, Silicon Valley and Microprocessors – Moore & Noyce • IBM – PCs, Game Stations, Macs – Wozinak and Jobs • First practical affordable home computer was the Apple II. Popularized the “mouse” concept. • Bill Gates – co founded Microsoft • Communications deregulation expands calculation expands and cellular phone usage –The internet provides a worldwide network of information – Internet started as a networking system for the military • Biotechnology research increases knowledge of human genetics – Watson and Crick unlocked the structure of the DNA

7. President Bill Clinton A New Global Economy emerges based on regional trade blocs • Trade Deficits – Americans purchased more from other countries causing America goods to fall, other countries were not buying American • 94’ NAFTA – increase trade with Mexico, Canada, and US American workers shifted to more skilled jobs or to the service industry. • APEC – The free-trade agreement that represented the fastest-growing region in the world • European union – Euro common European economy • Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation – created a Pacific treading community • Opponents of a global economy feared that lowering trade barriers might cost the U.S. industrial jobs.

8. Rep. Controlled Congress • US economy grew rapidly, federal budget balanced – Clinton and Congress • Contract with America – 10 major changes, lower taxes, term limits for members of congress, balance budget, etc… • Health Insurance Portability Act and Welfare Reform Act – work to receive health care and improved coverage.

9. Clinton and Gore - Environment • The ozone layer and global warming became major environmental issues • Nuclear Proliferation – legislation to stop the spread of nuclear weapons • Global warming and the Kyoto Protocol, 39 nations agreed to reduce pollution emissions

10. Clinton and Congress • Cut spending reform, improved welfare and health care • Appointed Hillary Clinton to head a task force on health care planning • Family Medical Leave Act – gave workers up to 12 weeks for the birth or adoption of a child or the illness of a family member • Ameri Corps – improving low-income housing • Brady Bill – gun control (a indirect result of the assassination attempt on Reagan in the 1980s)

11. Foreign Policy – Clinton Tired to end violence in Haiti, the Middle East, and the Balkans • Haiti – troops to stop violence, Jimmy Carter helped to organize the peace • Balkans – Ethnic Cleansing, NATO, occupation force - Dayton Accords = an agreement intended to bring peace to Bosnia • Somalia – Peacekeeping gone bad, Blackhawk Down • Palestinians and the Israelis – consistent trouble

12. Scandals • Whitewater – Clintons accused of arranging illegal loans to developers • 98’ Perjury – Clinton found guilty of perjury over an affair with Monica Lewinski = Impeachment process started, failed to get the votes needed to impeach him

14. President George W Bush • Ran against Al Gore (Clinton’s VP) – 2000 Election • Bush v. Gore – Supreme Court Case questioning the voting in the election • Results disputed – Bush wins • Bush focused on cutting taxes, reforming education (No Child Left Behind), and working on energy problems • Pushed through Congress a proposal for annual reading and math tests in public schools for grades 3-8 • “W” pushed for immediate tax rebates to prevent recession* • Bush won again in 04’ against John Kerry

15. September 11, 2001 • Terrorists destroyed the World Trade Center towers and attacked the Pentagon using commercial airliners • Pennsylvania field – terrorists forced to crash by passengers, no survivors • High Alert – Osama Bin Laden, Al-Qaeda, and the Taliban to blame • Al-Qaeda is a Muslim terrorist group behind the attacks of September 11, 2001. • Home Land Security Adm. Created • Invasion of Afghanistan, Iraq (took out Sadam) – still fighting in an on going war. • Forever change the future