Components of group: Belén Arias. Sofía de la Cruz. Raquel Bañegil. Nair Ferreira.

1. ENVIROMENT Components of group: Belén Arias. Sofía de la Cruz. Raquel Bañegil. Nair Ferreira. Maite Espinosa.

2. Index • Loss of biodiversity. • Air pollution. • Acoustic pollution. • Deforestation. • Water pollution. • Light pollution.

3. Whatisloss of biodiversity? In the past hundred years, biodiversity around the world has decreased dramatically. Many species have gone extinct and 20% of mammals, 33% of amphibians and 25% of plants are in risk.The reason is that natural habitats are being destroyed. Overhunting Pollution Causes Overfishing Global climatechage

4. Solutions • Creating protected areas where human activity is limited is the best way to prevent deforestation and exploitation of organisms and the resources they need to survive. • Preventing species introduction • Slowly climate change: Climate change is the documented cause of several extinctions that we know about. • Preventing consumism

5. AIR POLLUTION It’sproducedwhen gases orparticles are realeasedintotheatmosphere

6. Whatis smog? It’s a mix of smokecausedby gases and fog.Today, most of the smog we see is photochemical smog produced by  particles released from car fuels like gasoline, coal power plants, and factory emissions even paints, and many cleaning solvents. When sunlight hits these chemicals, particles create smog Smog is unhealthy and toxic to humans and animals, and it can kill plants. Skyview Street in Pekin Pekin sky New York sky

7. Global warmingeffects: over the past century, the Global Mean Sea Level has risen by 4 to 8 inches (10 to 20 centimeters). The sea levelrise Themelting of polar ice

8. Whatisacid rain? It’sprecipitation with high levels of nitric and sulfuric acids. It can also occur in the form of snow. It’s produced by chemical substances released from volcanic eruptions , rotting vegetation and fuels. It attacks plants and makes waters from lakes and rivers acidic killing many acuatic species. Acid rain effects

9. Solutionsto air polution Air pollution is a problem in many places but we can reduce it changing some behaviors: Avoidlongdistancetrips Drive less use public transport Reduce the use of gasoline Use environmentally safe paints and cleaning products. Walkor use bikesinstead of cars Fuel up vehiclesduringcoolerhourstoprevent gas toevaporate

10. ACOUSTIC POLLUTION Acoustic pollutionis displeasing or excessivenoisethat may disrupt the activity or balance of human or animal life.

11. SOLUTIONS FOR ACOUSTIC POLLUTION • Controlling the industries and constructions, limiting the use of their machinery or placing strategical acoustic panels. • Avoiding many peoples dialogues in which all people talk at the same time.

12. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QoTSpodE73E • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qzK2XITThZM • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gLBE5QAYXp8

13. SOLUTIONS FOR DEFORESTATION • Recycling, for avoid the necessity of raw materials. • Reforestation. • Agricultural policy:One of the biggest causes of forest loss is, in the case of the third world, theextention of the agricultural borderby peasants seeking land to grow or put to graze their cattle.

14. Water pollution  Water pollution accounts for the deaths of more than 14,000 people daily. An estimated 700 million Indians have no access to a proper toilet, and 1,000 Indian children die of diarrheal sickness every day. Some 90% of China's cities suffer from some degree of water pollution, and nearly 500 million people lack access to safe drinking water. In addition to the acute problems of water pollution in developing countries, developed countries continue to struggle with pollution problems as well. In the most recent national report on water quality in the United States, 45% of evaluated stream miles, 47% of evaluated lake acres, and 32% of assessed bays and estuarine square miles were classified as polluted.

15. Solutions -Never throw rubbish away anyhow. Always look for the correct waste bin. If there is none around, please take it home and put it in your trash can. This includes places like the beach, riverside and water bodies. - Use water wisely. Do not keep the tap running when not in use. Also, you can reduce the amount of water you use in washing and bathing. If we all do this, we can significantly prevent water shortages and reduces the amount of dirty water that needs treatment. -Do not throw chemicals, oils, paints and medicines down the sink drain, or the toilet. In many cities, your local environment office can help with the disposal of medicines and chemicals. Check with your local authorities if there is a chemical disposal plan for local residents. -Buy more environmentally safe cleaning liquids for the use at home and other public places. They are less dangerous to the environment. -If you use chemicals and pesticides for your gardens and farms, be mindful not to overuse pesticides and fertilizers. This will reduce runoffs of the material into nearby water sources. Start looking at options of composting and using organic manure instead.

16. Water pollution • Industrial processes • Oil spills • Urban waste • Modern agriculture • Emission of pollutant gases

17. THE DESERTIFICATION • Desertification is the development of desert-like conditions in regions that have experienced human disturbance such as deforestation, overgrazing, or poorly managed agriculture.

18. Effects of Desertification • -Soil becomes less usable. The soil can be blown away by wind or washed away rain. • -Vegetation is Lacked or Damaged. Loosened soil may bury plants or leave their roots exposed. • -Causes Famine. Places that have war and poverty are most likely to have famine occur. • -Food Loss. The soil is not suited for growing food; therefore the amount of food being made will decline. • -People near Affected Areas. Desertification can cause flooding, poor water quality, dust storms, and pollution.

19. Solutions for Desertification • Construct windbreaks which minimize the erosive action of the wind. • Control grazing, as far back as possible to transhumance livestock. • Make special buildings such as terraces or diversions of river courses.

22. What can WE do? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UdIGJNVUwmE There are manythingwe can do, forexample: • Change the lampposts • Make laws for not enables buildings, for example, banks, to have the lights on during the night, when it isn’t necessary. • Use light emitting diodes (LED) technology with long wave length light in a red or yellow tint to minimize impact and save energy. • Shut off the lights when you can. Use timers, dimmers, and sensors.