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Critique of Peer Review, continued

Critique of Peer Review, continued. Richard Smith’s critique is in line with common critiques of peer review: Reviewers make errors Reviewers are biased Reviewers are be too conservative Peer review does not catch plagarism or falsification Peer review is too slow. New Opportunities.

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Critique of Peer Review, continued

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  1. Critique of Peer Review, continued • Richard Smith’s critique is in line with common critiques of peer review: • Reviewers make errors • Reviewers are biased • Reviewers are be too conservative • Peer review does not catch plagarism or falsification • Peer review is too slow

  2. New Opportunities • Electronic publishing and creative new publishing models are providing new opportunities: • to make review processes fairer • to make publication faster • to make research available to more people • to enhance and transform scholarly discourse • to address some of the longstanding critiques of peer review

  3. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Journal • Two-stage publication model is intended to: • make peer review processes transparent • allow articles to be published quickly

  4. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Journal

  5. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Journal

  6. Implications for Librarians • Understanding peer review processes is necessary in order to assist scholars in making successful transitions to new models of publishing

  7. Conclusion “Peer review, or ‘expert review’ is… about balancing one expert opinion against another. The challenge is not whether peer review is an essential aspect of scholarship because there is no alternative to having experts look at things and make judgments.” Sir Mark Walport, Director, Wellcome Trust

  8. References Burnham, J.C. (1990). The evolution of editorial peer review. Journal of the American Medical Association, 263(10), 1323-1329. DeMaria, A. (2010). Editor’s page - peer review: the weakest link. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 55 , 1161-1162. Ghazoul, J. (2011). Editorial: reviewing peer review. Biotropica, 43(1), 1-2. Hernon, P. and Schwartz, C. (2006). Editorial: peer review revisited. Library & Information Science Research, 28, 1-3. Horton, R. (2011, February 9). Peer review: written evidence submitted by Richard Horton (PR 02). UK Parliament Website. Retrieved June 11, 2011 from http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201011/cmselect/cmsctech/writev/856/m02.htm Hurd, J.M. (1996). Information technology: catalyst for change in scientific communication. Unpublished paper presented at the 17th Annual International Association of Scientific and Technological University Libraries, Irvine, CA. Retrieved June 12, 2011 from: www.iatul.org/doclibrary/public/Conf_Proceedings/1996/hurd.doc

  9. References, continued Kelly, M.J. (2011, February 25). Peer review: written evidence submitted by Professor Michael J Kelly FRS FREng (PR 09).UK Parliament Website. Retrieved from: http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201011/cmselect/cmsctech/writev/856/m09.htm Knoll, E. (1990). The communities of scientists and journal peer review. Journal of the American Medical Association 263(10), 1330-1332. Morrison, H. (2011, January 5). PLoS ONE: now the world’s largest journal? The Imaginary Journal of Poetic Economics. Retrieved June 11, 2011 from: http://poeticeconomics.blogspot.com/2011/01/plos-one-now-worlds-largest-journal.html Morrison, H. G. (2009). Scholarly communication for librarians. Oxford: Chandos. Mulligan, A. & Raphael, E. (2010). Peer review in a changing world – preliminary findings of a global study. Serials 23(1), 25-34. Rodriguez, M.A., Bollan, J., & Van de Sompel, H. (2006). The convergence of digital-libraries and the peer-review process. Journal of Information Science, 36(2), Retrieved June 12, 2011 from: http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/lanl/digital_libraries_converge.pdf

  10. References, continued Rowland, F. (2002). The peer review process: a report to the JISC scholarly communications group. Retrieved June 5, 2011 from: http://www.jisc.ac.uk/media/documents/themes/infoenvironment/rowland.pdf Rylance, R. (2011, June 8). Peer Review. UK Parliament HoC Science and Technology Committee. Retrieved June 11, 2011 from: http://www.parliamentlive.tv/Main/Player.aspx?meetingId=8528 Smith, R. (2010, March 22). Richard Smith: scrap peer review and beware of “top journals.” BMJ Group Blogs. Retrieved June 11, 2011 from: http://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2010/03/22/richard-smith-scrap-peer-review-and-beware-of-%E2%80%9Ctop-journals%E2%80%9D/ Smith, R. (2011, April 6). Richard Smith: what is post-publication peer review? BMJ Group Blogs. Retrieved June 11, 2011: http://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2011/04/06/richard-smith-what-is-post-publication-peer-review/ Spier, R. (2002). The history of the peer-review process. Trends in biotechnology 20 (8), 357-358.

  11. References, continued Suls, J. & Martin, R. (2009). The air we breathe: a critical look at practices and alternatives in the peer-review process. Perspectives on Psychological Science 4(1), 40-50. Ware, M. (2008). Peer review in scholarly journals: perspectives of the scholarly community – an international study. Retrieved June 12, 2011 from: http://www.publishingresearch.net/documents/PeerReviewFullPRCReport-final.pdf Walport, M. (2011, June 8). Peer Review. UK Parliament HoC Science and Technology Committee. Retrieved June 11, 2011 from: http://www.parliamentlive.tv/Main/Player.aspx?meetingId=8528 Ware, M. (2011). Peer review: recent experience and future directions. New Review of Information Networking16, 23-53.

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