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Unit 2

Unit 2. Scientific revolution and enlightenment. Do now. In your notes, write your own definition of a “Revolution” Give two examples that follow your definition. Looking Forward. Tonight’s Homework: Reading on Edmodo , answer all “Reading Check” questions

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Unit 2

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  1. Unit 2 Scientific revolution and enlightenment

  2. Do now In your notes, write your own definition of a “Revolution” Give two examples that follow your definition

  3. Looking Forward • Tonight’s Homework: Reading on Edmodo, answer all “Reading Check” questions • Unit 2 Test on Thursday, February 21 • Study Guide on Edmodo • Terms/ Vocabulary on Study Blue

  4. REVOLUTION “A forcible overthrow of a government or social order for a new system” Questions: • What was the social order during the Middle Ages? • Today’s Focus: What did it switch to during the Scientific Revolution?

  5. life Middle Ages Scientific Revolution “Scientists” make observations about the world Secular society Copernicus: the universe revolves around the Sun (heliocentric) • “Natural philosophers”: relied on ancient authorities for knowledge • Heavily reliant on Church teachings • Ptolemy: the universe revolves around the Earth (geocentric)

  6. Scientific Revolution • Began in 1543 (Copernicus) • 1610” Galileo publishes The Starry Messenger • Isaac Newton: Principa • Universal law of gravitation: every object in the universe is attracted to every other object by a force called gravity • Supported Galileo’s findings

  7. Medicine and modern science • Andreas Vesalius: studied anatomy, believed there were two types of blood • William Harvey: showed that the heart was the beginning point of circulation for the body • Robert Boyle: studied the properties of gases • Margaret Cavendish: studied humans and concluded that humans are not more powerful than nature • Maria Winkelman: self-taught astronomer • Francis Bacon: created the scientific method

  8. Galileo vs. the church • Joshua 10-13: So the sun stood still in the midst of heaven and hasted not to go down about a whole day • Psalm 104: Who laid the foundations of the earth, that it should not be removed for ever

  9. Day 2

  10. Do Now Which of the following is the best translation of the Enlightenment term philosophe? • Scholar • Revolutionary • Reformer • Critical thinker • Scientist

  11. Looking Forward • Tonight’s Homework:“This I Believe” • Unit 2 Test: THURSDAY!

  12. The Enlightenment • 1700s: philosophical movement to an understanding of all life • Used reason or rationalism • Philosophe – French philosopher • Writers, professors, journalists, economics, social reformers • Mostly upper class or middle class • Role of philosophy: to change the world • The State of Nature • The role of the salon

  13. John Locke • Every person is born with a tabula rasa(blank slate) • People are molded by their experiences, not their natural inclinations • Every person has a right to life, liberty and property

  14. Other philosophes • Thomas Hobbes: “solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short” • Montesquieu: spearation of powers • Greatest freedom and security for the state • Voltaire: deism, religious toleration • Diderot: wrote the Encyclopedia to change people’s thoughts Wright of Derby, The Orrery

  15. economics • Adam Smith: laissez-faire economics (no government involvement!) • Physiocrat: people who wanted to figure out the natural economics laws of the world • Natural economics laws: the way people interact in the state of nature

  16. Independent work • Work on your own or with one partner to complete the worksheet “Enlightenment Ideas” • Paper copies: on the cart • Digital copies: Unit 2 folder on Edmodo • When you have finished, begin working on your homework • Independent work time = music!

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