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Computers As Social Actors

Computers As Social Actors. Presented by Paul Aumer-Ryan School of Information The University of Texas. Introduction. Computers As Social Actors (CASA) Umbrella field: Affective design Related terminology Research hot spots (Stanford, MIT). Background. Aristotle & Descartes

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Computers As Social Actors

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  1. Computers As Social Actors Presented by Paul Aumer-Ryan School of Information The University of Texas

  2. Introduction • Computers As Social Actors (CASA) • Umbrella field: Affective design • Related terminology • Research hot spots (Stanford, MIT)

  3. Background • Aristotle & Descartes • Rational vs. emotional mind • Research implications of this dichotomy • Behaviorism and cognitivism • Mechanistic aspects of human mind • Input-output paradigm • Reversal: Affective design

  4. History 1984 The second self: Computers & the human spirit (Turkle) 1993 Anthropomorphism, agency, & ethopoeia (Nass, Steuer, Tauber) 1994 Computers are social actors (Nass, Steuer, Tauber) 1996 The media equation (Reeves & Nass) 1997 Affective computing (Picard) 1998 CAPTology (Fogg) 2004 Emotional design (Norman)

  5. History 1984 The second self: Computers & the human spirit (Turkle) 1993 Anthropomorphism, agency, & ethopoeia (Nass, Steuer, Tauber) 1994 Computers are social actors (Nass, Steuer, Tauber) 1996 The media equation (Reeves & Nass) 1997 Affective computing (Picard) 1998 CAPTology (Fogg) 2004 Emotional design (Norman)

  6. History 1984 The second self: Computers & the human spirit (Turkle) 1993 Anthropomorphism, agency, & ethopoeia (Nass, Steuer, Tauber) 1994 Computers are social actors (Nass, Steuer, Tauber) 1996 The media equation (Reeves & Nass) 1997 Affective computing (Picard) 1998 CAPTology (Fogg) 2004 Emotional design (Norman)

  7. Intermission • “All interfaces, however badly developed, have personality” (Topffer’s law) • Computers are morally responsible for an error (Friedman & Millett, 1997)

  8. Criticisms • Use of recorded human voice • Multifunction computer, multiple personalities? • Computers as social beings, or as social imposters? • Does it matter? • Since computers are interactive, it’s natural to treat them socially • Anthropomorphizing and the metaphorical act • Books are media, too

  9. Assumptions • Philosophical viewpoint: • Social constructivist • Often anti-cognitivist/behaviorist • Media as information-as-thing? • Emotion as information-as-thing?

  10. Questions • Machines with “souls”? • The appropriateness of treating a tool like a social being • Are emotionally intelligent tools worthwhile? • Anthropomorphism: when is the metaphor just a metaphor?

  11. Conclusions • Computers As Social Actors • Roots in the 1980s • Formalized in the 1990s • Diversifying in the 2000s

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