Financing ECCE

1. Financing ECCE

2. Why finance ECCE • What to finance?

3. What to Finance in ECCE? • An Outcome / Results based approach is important • ECCE Outcomes: All Children have the Opportunity to reach their full potential • physical, cognitive, language, social and emotional development / skills • To reach outcomes, important to finance activities leading to ECCE outcomes

4. Result Building Blocks Planning for resources Resources committed to program activities Use resources to generate products & services Products/ services used to simulate achievement of results Effects / Beh.r changes resulting from program outputs Long term wide spread improvement in society FINANCING Implementation RESULTS

5. What activities to finance? • Physical facilities • Enabling materials • Teachers and their development • Curriculum, materials • Program Management • Community mobilization • Monitoring • Nutrition supplement

6. Status of ECCE provision / financing: Different Types of ECCE provisions.. • Public, Private, PPP • Public:  Government • Central / State / District / sub-district provisions • Inter-Ministry coordination / convergence • Private:  Private providers, NGOs, CSOs • Out of Pocket Expenditures • Public Non-Public Partnerships • Private /NGO /CSO provision aided by government • Vouchers, stipends, Conditional Transfers

8. Government Financing…. • Which layer of Government is providing ECCE financing in the country / province? • Is Government financing adequate to meet: • Access  Expansion, improvement in facilities • Human Resources  staff at various levels/ • To support different processes, both quantitatively and qualitatively? • To monitor and gauge status and progress? • Is Government financing enable ECCE activities to reach each and every child? • Is it reaching out to the needy areas? • Is it targeted towards poor and most vulnerable group?

9. Do we know enough about government financing in ECCE about • Where are the gaps? • Programs? Capital and recurrent costs? • Where is investments needed most? • Is there any specific groups that needs more attention? (for example, tribals, girls?) • Is there any specific region that needs more funding? (specific provinces / districts?) • Is there any specific content areas (quality/ curriculum, teacher training?)

10. Non-Government financing…. • Is it complementary to government provision? • How free are the services? And how much accessible to different groups in society? • Are they financing the right components of ECCE – especially in terms of quality?

11. SABER- ECD: Policy Lever 1.3: Finance a. Is there a transparent budget process? • To what extent does the budget use explicit criteria at the national or sub-national level to decide ECD spending • number of students or teaching positions, • student characteristics, (gender, socio-economic status or special needs) • geographical location • ability to raise revenue at the sub-national level • performance of school • Attendance • historical precedent • To what extent is determining the budget a coordinated effort across ministries? • Can the government accurately report public ECD expenditures?

12. SABER- ECD: Policy Lever 1.3: Finance b. Is the burden of finance equitably distributed across various segments of society? • According to policy, what types of fees are levied for ECD services (Tuition, non-tuition) • What is the level of out of pocket expenditures as a percentage of total education expenditures? • What percentage of the annual education budget is allocated towards preprimary education? • Is the remuneration for preprimary teachers entering the field competitive? • Are community-based childcare center professionals paid by the government?